Chapter 1
Chapter 2-3
Chapter 4-5
Chapter 6-7
Chapters 9 and 11
100
What is the difference between a parameter and a statistic?
A parameter is a measurement describing characteristics of a population and a statistic is a measurement describing characteristics of a sample.
100
What is the formula for class width?
minimum value-maximum value ___________________________ number of classes
100
What is the law of large numbers?
As a procedure repeats again and again, the relative frequency probability of an event tends to approach the actual probability.
100
A continuous random variable has what kind of distribution if its values spread evenly over the range of possibilities?
uniform distribution
100
Requirements for two-variable statistics where sigma 1 and 2 is known.
1) The two population standard deviations are both known. 2) The two samples are independent. 3) Both samples are simple random samples. 4) Either or both of these conditions are satisfied. The two sample sizes are both large or both samples come from populations having normal distributions.
200
When conducting an experiment to test the effectiveness of a new vaccine, what is the blinding, and why is it important?
Blinding is a method whereby a subject in an experiment doesn't know whether the subject is given the treatment or a placebo. It's important to use blinding so the results are not distorted because of the placebo effect.
200
What is the best kind of chart to display percentages?
Pie Chart
200
A news reporter states that a particular event is unusual because its probability is only .001. Is that a correct statement? Why or why not?
The statement is correct. Because the probability is so small, the even will occur on average only once in 1000 trials, so this event is unusual
200
Assume the readings of a thermometer are normally distributed with a mean of 0 degrees and have a standard deviation of 1.00 degree. Find the indicated probability P(-1.96<z<1.96)
0.9500
200
Sample data consist of heights and weights of 12 randomly bears. When analyzing the relationship between height and height, do the methods of this section apply? Why or why not?
No. Even though the data consists of matched pairs, the two variables measure different quantities, so it makes no sense to test a claim about the mean of the differences.
300
What is a self-interest study?
Studies that are sponsored by parties with interest to promote.
300
What is the difference between relative and cumulative frequencies?
Relative frequencies are the class frequencies divided by the sum of all frequencies. Cumulative frequencies are the sum of the frequencies for that class and all previous classes.
300
If two flies land on an orange, find the probability that they are on points that are on the same hemisphere.
1
300
Assume that adults have IQ scores that are normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. Find P10, which is the IQ score separating the bottom 10% from the top 90%
80.8
300
What conditions does a multinational experiment need to follow?
1) Fixed number of trials 2) The trials are independent 3) All outcomes of each trial must be classified into exactly one of the several different categories 4) The probabilities for the different categories remain constant for each trial
400
What is the difference between stratified and cluster sampling?
With stratified sampling, we subdivide the population into at least two different subgroups so that the subjects within the same subgroup share the same characteristics, then we draw a sample from each subgroup. In cluster sampling, we first divide the population area into sections then randomly select some of those clusters then chose all the members from those selected clusters.
400
What is Chebyshev's Theorem?
The proportion of any set of data lying within K standation deviations of the mean is always at least 1-1/K^2 is any positive number greater than 1.
400
For a binomial distribution Find the probability of x successes given the probability p of successes on a given trial n=3 x=0 p= 0.05
.857
400
What is a confidence interval?
A range of values used to estimate the true value of a population parameter. A confidence interval is sometimes abbreviated as CI.
400
what is a goodness-of-fit test
It is used to test the hypothesis that an observed frequency distribution "fits" or "conforms" to some claimed distribution.
500
The Addison-Wesley Publishing Company has commisioned you to survery 100 students who use this book. Describe procedures for obtaining a sample of each type;random, systematic, convenience, stratified, and cluster
Random:Randomly select 100 different students from different schools Systematic: Choose the 50th person in every school Convenience: Choose the school closest to the surveyer and select 100 students from there Stratified: Put one school into groups of boys and girls and randomly select from each subgroup Cluster: Randomly select a grade then select all students from that grade
500
A data set consists of 20 values that are fairly close together. Another value is included, but this new value is an outlier. How is the standard deviation affected by the outlier? No effect? Small effect? Large effect?
The effect of the outlier will be large.
500
In a test of MicroSort method of gender selection, 325 babies are born to couples trying to have baby girls, and 295 of those babies are girls. a) If the gender-selection method has no effect and boys and girls are equally likely, find the mean and the standard deviation for the numbers of the girls born in groups 325.
mean= 162.5 standard deviation=9.0
500
How do you find the margin of error?
(upper confidence limit)-(lower confidence limit) _________________________________________ 2
500
when do you use a chi-square distribution
to conduct a goodness-of-fit test on a distribution that involves a multinomial experiment.
M
e
n
u