The Scientific Study of Life
What is a community?
All living organisms in an
ecosystem.
What is cohesion
Water’s tendency to stick together.
What is a methyl group?
The functional group found in hydrocarbons.
What is the nucleoid region?
Location of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
When does a cell aquire chemical energy from exergonic processes to then drive and endergonic reaction?
This occurs during Energy Coupling.
What is Kingdom Monera?
Organisms of this kingdom are unicellular prokaryotes.
What are hydronium (H3O+) and hydroxide (OH-)?
The ions formed when water is ionized.
What are compounds that have the same molecular formula but have different molecular structures?
The definition of an isomer
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The organelle responsible for the synthesis and packaging of secretory proteins.
What is lowering the activation energy needed for the substrate to break the bonds of the substrate?
The mechanism by which an enzyme functions.
What is an adaptation?
The heritable trait that gives you the advantage due to natural selection.
What does the pH scale measure.
concentration of H+ ions (the degree of acidity)
What is dehydration synthesis?
The process by which monomers are linked together.
What are lysosomes?
Cellular compartments that store digestive enzymes.
What is changing the active site of an enzyme so that the substrate no longer fits by binding to the enzyme at a location other than the active site?
The function of non-competitive inhibitor.
What are the seven steps of the scientific process in order.
Observations, Questions, Hypotheses, Predictions, Tests, Conclusions, and Replication
The type of bond found in CH4, O2, and KCl respectively.
What are covalent, and ionic bonds
What are four carbon rings including 3 six-sided rings and 1 five- sided ring?
The general structure of a steroid molecule.
What are stacks of thylakoids where chlorophyll captures solar energy?
The structure and function of a granum.
What are glycoproteins and glycolipids?
These carbohydrate chains are located on the outside of the plasma membrane and give the cells a specific identity.
What is the difference between a dependent and an independent variable and the axes that they represent.
The dependent variable is what is being measured (y-axis), the independent variable is held constant through the experiment (x-axis)
What is the definition of a radioactive isotopes
Elements that have the same atomic number but varying numbers of neutrons that are unstable (nucleus does not remain intact) and give off energy as they try to become stable.
What are structural, contractile, storage, defensive, transport, signal, and enzymes?
Four of the seven classes of proteins.
What are mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Both of these organelles contain their own DNA and can reproduce themselves.
What is the term that describes a cell that is placed into a solution that has a lower solute concentration than the cell itself?
A hypotonic solution.