Pathophysiology
This layer of the heart wall is most susceptible to ischemia and is affected first during AMI
endocardium
Often taken lightly and blown off in the field, but can be a patient’s body signaling something is wrong
Anxiety
This STEMI mimic is associated with sharp chest pain that is improved by sitting up and leaning forward
pericarditis
what is the main goal of hospital treatment for STEMI?
restore blood flow to the heart
the primary vascular event that transforms a stable plaque into an acute coronary artery occlusion?
plaque rupture followed by thrombus formation/platelet aggregation
Textbook symptom for STEMI
Radiating pain
When assessing a 12 lead for ST elevation, you should also look for what finding in reciprocal leads?
ST depression
What are the two main medications in their dosages for emergency treatment in the field?
aspirin 324 mg
nitro 0.4 mg
cellular mechanism caused by ischemia due to impairment of sodium potassium pump, leading to membrane depolarization and ST elevation on ECGs
ATP depletion and anaerobic metabolism
Secondary chief complaint due to ischemia
SOB
In the mnemonic ELEVATION, O stands for which STEMI mimic?
Osborne waves (associated with hypothermia)
This is the target time interval EMS/hospital systems aim for between first medical contact and PCI for STEMI patients.
What is 90 minutes.
on an ecg, this electrical phenomena causes the ST segment elevation seen in transmural ischemia resulting from the voltage differences between ischemic and non-ischemic tissue during cardiac diastole
systolic/diastolic injury
This key sign will nevaa lie
Diaphoresis
Which two mnemonics should you use during patient assessment for a STEMI?
OPQRST and SAMPLE
What is the prostaglandin synthesis action.
Following reperfusion of an occluded corononary artery, this paradoxically destructive process - mediated by reactive oxygen species, intracellular calcium overload, and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore - can cause additional irreversive myocardial necrosis
reperfusion injury
This s/s will cause syncope
lightheadedness
This STEMI mimic is associated with an inherited condition that can result in sudden cardiac arrest
Nitroglycerin should be withheld if the patient has taken these class of erectile dysfunction drugs within the last 24/48 hours
What is PDE-5 inhibitors