Cocaine
True or False. Coca-Cola originally contained cocaine.
True.
The drink was invented by a pharmacist in 1885 - at that time cocaine was legal and common in medicines. Cocaine was eliminated from Coca-Cola by 1929.
https://teens.drugabuse.gov/blog/post/coca-colas-scandalous-past
WWII soldiers were given methamphetamine to _____.
A. prevent depression and anxiety
B. stay awake
C. lower blood pressure
D. improve memory and concentration
E. none of the above
B. stay awake
Just a few effects of methamphetamine use include depression, anxiety, increased blood pressure, memory issues, confusion, and difficulty sleeping
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/prescription-stimulants
The euphoric (joyful) feeling from meth fades quickly, so people often take repeated doses in a _____________ pattern.
A. "binge and crash"
B. "overdose"
C. "speedy bender"
D. "expedited consumption"
A. "binge and crash"
Handout from SBIRT, SAMHSA
Which of the following are examples of prescription stimulants?
A. Valium and Xanax
B. Advil and Aspirin
C. Adderall and Ritalin
D. Vicodin and OxyContin
C. Adderall and Ritalin
Valium and Xanax are classified as benzodiazepines
Advil and Aspirin are classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
Vicodin and OxyContin are classified as opioids.
https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/prescription-medicines
- Prescription stimulant medication composed of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine
- Primarily used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
- Schedule II substance that has a high potential for abuse.
Adderall
Ritalin is made from methylphenidate.
Which is NOT typically a short-term effect of using cocaine:
A. Paranoia
B. Extreme happiness and energy
C. Low blood pressure
D. Raised body temperature
C. Low Blood Pressure
High blood pressure is one of the ways cocaine affects the body. Cocaine can also cause dilated pupils, nausea, tremors, restlessness, fast/irregular heartbeat.
True or False. Methamphetamine is addictive.
Methamphetamine causes changes to areas of the brain responsible for ______.
A. memory and motor skills.
B. breathing.
C. sleep regulation.
D. all of the above.
A. memory and motor skills.
Handout from NIDA, NIH, US Department of Health and Human Services.
Prescription stimulants are generally used to treat which condition?
A. High blood pressure
B. Anxiety
C. ADHD
D. Diabetes
C. ADHD
Prescription stimulants are typically used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy—uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep. They increase alertness, attention, and energy.
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/prescription-stimulants
- Stimulant made from ingredients such as cold medications, battery acid, fertilizer, drain cleaner, anti-freeze.
- Also called ice, speed, crank, crystal.
Injecting a combination of cocaine and heroin is referred to as a __________.
A. slingshot
B. roadrunner
C. speedball
D. boomerang
C. speedball
The combination of cocaine and heroin can have fatal consequences. While some people think combining a stimulant (cocaine) with a depressant (heroin) will cancel out the the overdose risk - that is NOT TRUE. People who speedball are actually at a higher risk for overdose than people who use heroin or cocaine alone.
Methamphetamine use disorder is a disease that _____.
A. can be treated with behavioral therapy.
B. is incurable.
C. can be easily cured with medications.
D. is contagious.
A. can be treated with behavioral therapy.
Handout from NIDA, NIH, US Department of Health and Human Services.
Which of the following is an effect of using methamphetamine?
A. Increased appetite
B. Difficulty staying awake
C. Aggression
D. All of the above
C. Aggression
Methamphetamine can also cause certain types of hallucinations, loss of appetite, and strokes.
True or False. It is possible to overdose on prescription stimulants
True.
When people overdose on a prescription stimulant symptoms include: restlessness, tremors, overactive reflexes, rapid breathing, confusion, aggression, hallucinations, panic states, abnormally increased fever, muscle pains and weakness.
They also may have heart problems, including an irregular heartbeat leading to a heart attack, nerve problems that can lead to a seizure, abnormally high or low blood pressure, and circulation failure.
Stomach issues may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. In addition, an overdose can result in convulsions, coma, and fatal poisoning.
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/prescription-stimulants
- Powerfully addictive stimulant drug made from the leaves of the coca plant that's native to South America.
- A fine, white, crystal powder
- Typically used by rubbing on gums, snorting, injecting or swallowed.
True or False. Naloxone can be used to safely reverse a cocaine overdose.
False.
Naloxone, also known as Narcan, only works for opioid overdoses. There is no medication to safely reverse a stimulant (like cocaine) overdose.
List 3 withdrawal symptoms of Methamphetamine.
depression, anxiety, increased appetite, tiredness, intense cravings, dehydration, fatigue, muscle pain/spasms, psychosis
www.sbirt.care handout on Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine can cause the body to heat up excessively, which can lead to
A. convulsions.
B. lung cancer.
C. heart attack.
D. brain tumor.
A. convulsions.
While meth can cause heart attacks, increased body temperature can result in convulsions.
Handout from NIDA, NIH, US Department of Health and Human Services.
True or False. Using prescription stimulants is a safer alternative to other drugs
- Powerfully addictive stimulant drug made from the leaves of the coca plant that's native to South America.
- Created from powder cocaine mixed with water and baking soda
- Usually smoked.
- Highly concentrated and extremely addictive.
The "high" experienced from using cocaine is caused by a rapid increase in the brain chemical ________.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that deaths involving methamphetamine increased by _____ percent over 5 years.
A. 120%
B. 260%
C. 360%
D. 440%
C. 360%
Deaths involving meth increase from 1,887 in 2011 to 6,762 in 2016. It's estimated that half of those were linked to cheap, dangerous synthetic opioids like fentanyl.
https://teens.drugabuse.gov/blog/post/methamphetamine-meth-just-facts
At first, methamphetamine causes _______.
A. an unnaturally high level of dopamine in the brain.
B. a shortage of dopamine in the brain.
C. the destruction of all dopamine in the brain.
D. the destruction of some dopamine in the brain.
A. an unnaturally high level of dopamine in the brain.
Handout from NIDA, NIH, US Department of Health and Human Services.
True or False. Students who take prescription stimulants typically do better in school academically.
False.
Studies show that grades are actually lower in students that have taken stimulants without a prescription written for them.
In students that are prescribed stimulants to treat ADHD, studies show that while their ADHD symptoms improve, their grades do not improve.
- Human-made stimulant chemically similar to cathinone, a substance found in the Khat plant, but can be much stronger and more dangerous.
- Usually white or brown crystal-like powder sold in small plastic or foil packages labeled "not for human consumption"
- Effects include paranoia, hallucinations, increased friendliness, excited delirium
- Usually swallowed, snorted, smoked, or injected