In general:
time and place of a story
setting
the main character, and the character who opposes him or her
protagonist, antagonist
the voice that is telling the story
narrator
a character struggles with his destiny, something he cannot control in his life
man vs. fate
the beginning of a story
exposition
a struggle between 2 forces (the main character has a problem with something else)
conflict
a character has not changed by the end of the story
static
the narrator is one of the characters in the story
first person
a character struggles with himself, like making decisions
man vs. himself
a point in the beginning of the story where the reader gets interested and wants to read more
narrative hook
how an author develops the characters of a story
characterization
the character has undergone a change by the end of the story
dynamic
pronouns used in the first person point of view
I, me
a character struggles with a force like the weather or an animal
man vs. nature
the high point of a story after which the actions begin to move in a different direction
climax
the perspective from which a story is told
point of view
a character shows only one personality trait
flat
the author shares the thoughts and feelings of all the characters
omniscient
a character struggles with another character
man vs. man
the actions before and after the climax
rising action, falling action
the sequence of events in a story
plot
a character shows several personality traits
round
the author reveals the thoughts and feelings of only one main character
limited
a character struggles with a group of people who view him or her in a negative way
man vs. society
the end of the story when the conflicts are "resolved"
resolution