Defense Mechanisms
Converting unacceptable impulses into more acceptable outlets
Sublimation
Name at least 3 things people can follow to manage stress
Diet, Sleep, Exercise, Time Management, Hobby, Support
Worry about more than one thing
Can’t control worry
Worry out of proportion to stressors
2X more women than men
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Which Anxiolytic has a black box warning for Suicide?
Antidepressants
The two types of Crisis?
Situational:unexpected stressor
Maturational: occurs normally throughout life cycle
Thinking about stressful things in a clinical way
Intellectualization
What 4 things are the Physiological Basis for Anxiety?
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Serotonin
Physical symptoms
Genetics
What are some symptoms of GAD?
Restlessness, Fatigue, Excessive anxiety, Increased muscle aches and soreness, Impaired concentration, Irritability, Difficulty Sleeping
This medication class Enhance GABA
Benzodiazepines
What are some Nursing Interventions for Crisis?
Therapeutic communication
Reduce risk for injury
Decrease anxiety
Promote self-care
Promote effective coping
Spiritual support
Decrease acute confusion
Replacing an unwanted impulse with its opposite
Reaction Formation
Which Hildegard Level of Anxiety is this?
No focus; behavior manifestations; Decrease stim, meds
Panic
The Main symptom of Panic Disorder?
PANIC ATTACK
Having Sudden attacks of terror, Lots of physical symptoms, Believing they are dying, Fear another panic attack, Very treatable
This medication class SSRIs; ↑ serotonin levels in brain
Antidepressants
Disabling disorder in which obsessions and compulsions dominate a person’s life
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Consciously keeping unpleasant information from your conscious mind
Suppression
Key things to know about Anxiety Disorders
Age of onset early adulthood
Very treatable
Usually managed on an outpatient basis
May co-occur with depression and substance abuse
More common in females—hormonal influence
What therapy do we use to help people overcome their fears?
Systematic Desensitization (Exposure Therapy)
Give at least 2 examples of Benzodiazepines
Examples are lorazepam (Ativan), alprazolam (Xanax), and diazepam (Valium)
What are the Thoughts and What are the Behaviors of OCD?
Thoughts = obsessions
Behaviors = compulsions
Assigning your own unacceptable feelings or qualities to others
Projection
A common type of psychotherapy (talk therapy). It helps clients reframe their thought processes to slowly cope with stress and anxiety, helping to treat many disorders, from PTSD and OCD, and even depressive disorders.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
What is the fear of open or crowded spaces? People with this fear often won't leave home.
Agoraphobia
Give 2 examples of Antidepressants
Examples are sertraline (Zoloft) and fluoxetine (Prozac)
What are some Nursing Interventions For OCD?
Allow the ritual until anxiety is reduced
Ensure safety
Alleviate anxiety
Promote new behavior patterns
Promote coping skills
Reinforce CBT techniques