Coping with Stress
This is the most effective way to manage stress, involving eliminating or minimizing stressors entirely
What are enactive strategies?
This type of stressor comes from the overwhelming number of tasks and lack of control over one’s schedule
What is time stress?
This is the most important contributor to job-related stress, according to decades of research
What is lack of autonomy at work?
This type of stress arises from worrying about future events like exams, presentations, or job interviews
What is anticipatory stress?
Over-focusing on just one or two areas of life—like work—while ignoring others can increase, rather than reduce, this harmful psychological condition
What is stress?
These stress management strategies enhance a person's ability to handle stress by increasing resilience
What are proactive strategies?
These two skills are essential for managing time effectively: one focuses on daily usage, and the other on long-term results
What are efficiency and effectiveness?
This five-part model helps eliminate situational stressors by redesigning jobs to increase satisfaction and reduce strain
What is the Hackman and Oldham job redesign model?
These five attributes make up the SMART model for setting effective goals
What are Specific, Measurable, Aligned, Realistic, and Time-bound?
This concept refers to bouncing back from adversity and thriving even in the presence of stress
What is psychological resiliency?
These are short-term responses used when immediate relief from stress is needed
What are reactive strategies?
This tool categorizes tasks by their urgency and importance to help prioritize time effectively
What is the time management matrix?
This factor in job redesign refers to being able to use a variety of different abilities in one’s work
What is skill variety?
This strategy for stress relief involves achieving tiny but definite changes to create momentum toward larger goals
What is the small-wins strategy?
This 5-step approach focuses on making incremental lifestyle adjustments—like changing breakfast habits—to build momentum toward larger goals
What is the small wins strategy?
Although most effective, this strategy takes the longest time to implement but offers the most enduring payoff
What is eliminating stressors with enactive strategies?
According to the time management matrix, planning and personal development fall into this quadrant
What is Important but Not Urgent?
These two strategies—“combine tasks” and “form identifiable work units”—are used to enhance this aspect of job design
What is task identity?
This step in the goal-setting process involves identifying specific actions and behaviors needed to achieve the goal
What is Step 2: Specify actions and behavioral requirements?
This orientation toward work is defined by intrinsic motivation and a sense that one's job contributes to a greater good, beyond material rewards
What is a calling?
This is the order in which most people incorrectly use stress coping strategies
What is using reactive strategies, proactive, then enactive?
These types of tasks dominate many managers’ schedules but often force them to react rather than proactively manage time
What are Important and Urgent tasks?
This job redesign factor allows employees to choose how and when their work is done, reducing situational stress significantly
What is autonomy?
According to the goal-setting model, this third step makes it more difficult to stay the same than to change by involving others and establishing penalties for failure
What is Step 3: Generate accountability and reporting mechanisms?
These short-term stress-reduction techniques include practices like muscle relaxation, deep breathing, and visualization
What are temporary stress-reduction strategies?