random
what does the acronym FAST stand for?
F- face
A- arms
S- speech
T- time
ischemic strokes break down into two different kinds what are they?
hint: where the clots develop
thrombotic and embolic
thrombotic- blockage originating in the brain
embolic- clot formed in another area and traveled to the brain
a patient is going to receive t-PA when should you perform the NIH assessment?
before the TPA administration (to obtain a baseline) and 2 hours post procedure????
Aphasia
loss of speech
hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of the body caused by stroke on opposite side of the brain
primary prevention for ischemic stroke
exercise, DASH diet, stop smoking, low dose aspirin, and anticoagulant therapy for A-Fib
what is the penumbra region?
this region exists around the area of infarction; this area can be salvaged with prompt treatment
what is the very first initial stroke diagnostic test used?
NON-CONTRAST CT-scan. performed 25 mins or less after arriving to hospital
apraxia
inability to perform a previously learned action
hemiparesis
weakness on one side of the body
primary prevention for hemorrhagic stroke?
manage HTN/ reduce other risk factors (ex. smoking)
if blood flow is not restored to the brain then what will occur?
ir-reversable cell death
which type of stroke is t-PA used for?
ischemic
hemianopsia
blindness in half of visual field in one or both eyes
dysphaGIA
difficulty swallowing
which are modifiable risk factors of a stroke?
HTN, age, race, hyperlipidemia, race and smoking
HTN, hyperlipidemia, smoking
what are signs and symptoms of a stroke?
numbness, confusion, trouble speaking, difficulty walking, and sudden severe headache
when does t-PA need to be administered by?
within 3 hours of onset of symptoms.
agnosia
loss of ability to recognize previously familiar objects
dysarthria
difficulty forming words
which type of stroke is more common?
ischemic
what is the number one question to ask family when a patient comes in with a stroke?
when was their last known well? this determines if the patient can have TPA if it is an ischemic stroke
True or False:
you can give aspirin 12 hours after t-PA is administered
False, no other anti-coagulant is given within 24 hours after receiving t-PA
what is expressive aphasia versus receptive aphasia versus mixed aphasia
expressive- unable to express understandable words
receptive- unable to comprehend spoken words.
mixed- both expressive and receptive
dysphaSIA
loss in the power to use or understand language