What is the target blood pressure for patients with diabetes after stroke
130/80
100
Infarctions of the ACA may present with what clinical features
Contralateral hemiparesis/hemiplegia
• Contralateral sensory loss
• Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
• Left hemispheric: Aphasia
• Right hemispheric: Visual perceptual deficits including left neglect
100
What element of language is impaired in all aphasias?
Naming
100
Define Stroke
‘A clinical syndrome consisting of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal (or global in case of coma) disturbance of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death with no apparent cause other than a vascular origin.’ World Health Organization
100
What are the two most powerful predictors of functional recovery post stroke
Initial stroke severity and age
200
What percentage of stroke survivors will have a second stroke within 5 years?
40%
200
Wernicke's aphasia may occur with occlusion of this artery
Inferior division of MCA in dominant hemisphere
200
What structure connects Broca's area and Wernicke's area?
If a patient is unaware of their deficits after stroke this term is used
Anosognosia
300
For secondary prevention of stroke LDL should be less than _____.
2.0 mmol/L
300
What type of communication disorder may be present in a PCA stroke
Alexia without agraphia
300
Describe transcortical sensory aphasia
Fluent, Poor comprehension, Intake repetition
300
List the components of the ABCD2 Score
Age,
Blood Pressure,
Clinical Features,
Diabetes,
Duration of Symptoms
300
Describe ideational apraxia and give an example
Inability to correctly sequence a series of acts leading to a goal. Examples: preparing a letter for mailing (fold letter, put in envelop, seal envelop, attach stamp)
400
How many years after smoking cessation is there a reversal of smoking risk for stroke
2-5 years
400
A patient presents with contralateral hemiplegia and ipsilateral third nerve palsy. What is the name of this brainstem syndrome.
Weber
400
Name all of the non-fluent aphasias
Global, Broca's, Transcortical Mixed, Transcortical Motor
Name 3 mechanisms of early neurological recovery post stroke
Post stroke edema, Reprefusion of ischemic penumbra, Diaschisis
500
For symptomatic carotid stenosis, when is
the patient a definite candidate for surgery.
Blockage is between 70-99%
500
Describe Wallenburg syndrome.
Ipsilateral hemiataxia, Ipsilateral loss of facial pain and temperature sensation, Contralateral loss of body pain and sensation, Nystagmus, Ipsilateral Horner syndrome, Dysphagia and dysphonia
500
What is the hallmark of right hemisphere communication disorders?
Aprosody
500
What is the most common structure compressed by a saccular aneurysm?
Cranial nerve III
500
Describe the fifth stage in Brunnstrom's Stages of Motor Recovery
Spasticity wanes. Can move out of synergies although synergies still present.