Muscles
Name muscles of the anterior compartment of the lower leg
ant. tibialis, ext. hallucis longus, ext. digitorum longus, & peroneus tertius
What side of the ankle is the deltoid complex? (medial or lateral)
medial
Whats the difference between the retrocalcaneal bursa and the calcaneal bursa?
retrocalcaneal lies between the achilles and calcaneus, calcaneal lies between the achilles tendon and the skin (over the achilles)
What nerve is tested with dorsiflexion?
L4
What is a positive Thompson test and what does it indicate?
Absence of plantarflexion, torn/ruptured achilles
What two muscles insert on the posterior surface of the calcaneus? (hint: they make up the achilles tendon)
gastrocnemius and soleus
What is the strongest ligament in the lateral ankle?
posterior talofibular (PTF)
Is the medial calcaneal bursa submuscular or subcutaneous?
submuscular
Name the three peripheral nerves of the lower leg
tibial, deep peroneal, and superficial peroneal
Name the difference between pes planus and pes cavus
pes cavus = high arch, pes planus = low arch
What bony landmark does the soleus insert on? (name and location)
Soleal line on posterior tibia
Name the "spring" ligament
plantarcalcanealnavicular ligament
How many bursa are in the ankle & foot?
5
What nerve reflex tests achilles?
S1
What ligament is being stressed with the talar tilt test?
calcaneofibular
Whick peroneal muscle inserts on the base of the 5th?
peroneus brevis
List the 3 ligaments on the lateral side of the ankle
Where is the location of the base of the 5th metatarsal bursa?
between the styloid process and peroneus brevis insertion
What is the dermatome for L4?
medial to tibial crest and big toe
What position is the Kleigers test performed in and what is it indicative of?
dorsiflexion and eversion, sprained distal tibiofibular ligament and possible damage to syndesmotic membrane
What muscle does dorsiflexion AND inversion and name the origin and insertion
anterior tibialis, originates on the upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of the tibia, inserts on the medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal
Name all 4 deltoid ligaments
anterior tibiotalar (ATT), posterior tibiotalar (PTT), tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal
Name all of the bursa in the ankle and foot
retrocalcaneal, calcaneal, medial calcaneal, base of the 5th metatarsal, & head of the 5th metatarsal
Dermatome patch for L5
lateral knee/thigh, lateral lower leg to the dorsum of foot, toes 2-4, and heel
Passively evert the heel while doing dorsiflexion and toe extension for 5-10 seconds and if they feel tingling