Organelles & Cell Parts
This organelle is a site of photosynthesis in plants and photosynthetic algae.
Chloroplasts
These molecules form a bilayer with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
Phospholipids
This passive process uses transport proteins but still moves down a gradient
Diffusion
Water moves from high water potential to this
Low water potential
Compared with eukaryotes, prokaryotes typically lack these structures
Nucleus
This structure synthesizes proteins by reading mRNA.
Ribosomes
The interior of the bilayer is primarily this
Nonpolar
This transport process requires ATP to move substances against a gradient
Active Transport
This is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis
As a cells size increases, this ratio generally decreases
Surface Area to Volume
The double membrane and folded inner membrane of this organelle support aerobic repiration.
Mitochondria
These membrane proteins provide pathways for ions and polar molecules to cross the membrane
Channel Proteins
This is the net movement of molecules down a concentration gradient
Passive Transport
This term describes equal solute concentrations inside and outside the cell.
Isotonic
Membrane folds and microvilli primarily increase this
Surface Area
This plant cell structure maintains turgor pressure through water storage.
Vacuole
This model describes membranes as dynamic structures with moving components.
Fluid Mosaic Model
This protein channel moves large quantities of water across membranes
Aquaporin
A solution with lower solute concentration than the cell is described as this relative to the cell
Hypotonic
This theory explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts from free-living prokaryotes
Endosymbiotic Theory
This term refers to refers to multiple membrane-bound components working together to modify and transport cell products.
Endomembrane System
These membrane components are commonly involved in cell recognition and signaling
Glycolipids
Taking in large particles by folding the plasma membrane inward is called this
Endocytosis
this overall process maintains internal water balance and solute composition in organisms
Osmoregulation
This term describes membranes seperating reactions into specialized regions in eukaryotes
Compartmentalization