Cell Structure and Function
This cell part contains the instructions
(like a detailed recipe)
that tell a cell how to build proteins and function
DNA
Which of the following models could Keisha use to describe the function of DNA?
a recipe with detailed instructions
a storage tank holding waste products
a conveyor belt transporting packages
a window screen allowing only air to enter
a recipe with detailed instructions
Which level of organization requires the most magnification:
cells, tissues, organs, or organ systems?
Cells
Name one mechanical and one chemical way the digestive system breaks down food.
Mechanical: chewing (teeth)
Chemical: saliva or stomach juices
Which receptor type responds to chemical inputs like the smell of pizza? Mechanical, Chemical, or Electromagnetic?
Chemical-olfactory
Name the organelle that produces most of the cell’s energy
(often compared to a cafeteria or power plant).
Mitochondria
Karl's class is doing a presentation on the function of the cell membrane. He chooses to focus on exocytosis.
What is the function of exocytosis?
a process in which cells use energy to move large objects out of the cell.
The bicep muscle (an organ) is made of bundles of muscle fibers (tissues).
Which statement correctly describes this relationship?
Groups of cells make organs. Groups of organs make tissues.
Groups of cells make tissues. Groups of tissues make organs.
Groups of body systems make tissues. Groups of tissues make cells.
Groups of organisms make body systems. Groups of body systems make organs.
B. Groups of cells make tissues. Groups of tissues make organs.
Which organ system provides oxygen to the blood and works with the circulatory system to deliver oxygen to cells?
Respiratory system (Lungs)
When Ayah puts her hand in cool water, information travels from the hand to the brain via which path first:
nerves → spinal cord → brain OR nerves → brain → spinal cord?
nerves → spinal cord → brain
Which cell structure forms the boundary controlling what enters and leaves a cell?
Cell membrane
If cell A is small and cell B is very large, which cell would rid its center of wastes more quickly?
Cell A. Smaller cell will ride more quickly.
A doctor finds bone cells, connective tissue, epithelial tissue, and mineral crystals in a femur sample.
Does this make the bone a tissue or an organ? Explain in one sentence.
Bone is an organ because it has more than one kind of tissue
Which two systems work together to create movement when a student lifts their backpack?
Skeletal and Muscular
Caleb remembers a whispered phrase briefly to repeat it in the telephone game. Which type of memory (short-term or long-term) is he using?
Short Term
Which organelle stores water and can be much larger in plant cells than in animal cells?
Central Vacuole
Which experimental tool did Naima use to confirm that a small, boxlike image is onion bulb cells?
A (light) microscope.
Which level comes directly above cells in the structural hierarchy?
(cells → ? → organs)
Tissues
Give one correct example of how two body systems interact.
Example: The lungs provide oxygen to the blood, and the circulatory system transports that oxygen to body cells.
Which of the listed responses is voluntary:
You blink after a bright flash of lightning.
Your heart will beat faster after a loud roll of thunder.
You will smell the wet soil as the breeze enters the room.
His hand and arm muscles will close the window after he gets wet.
D. Closing the window
Which organelle captures energy from sunlight and uses it to make sugars in plant cells?
Chloroplast
ich question could be investigated to provide evidence that the cells under the microscope are each individual unicellular organisms?
A Are the cells dividing?
B Are the cells connected to one another and sharing materials?
C Are the cells different shapes with different functions?
D Are the cells able to survive on their own when separated?
D. Are the cells able to survive on their own when separated?
Tomas learns jellyfish have tissues but no higher levels of organization.
Which body-level structure do jellyfish lack as a result?
Jellyfish do not have organ systems.
Kevin does some research and discovers that the digestive system breaks down food in two ways. One way is mechanically, by grinding and mashing food to make smaller pieces. The other way is changing the food into other substances that can be absorbed using chemical reactions.
What can be determined from Kevin’s research about the digestive system structures?
Structures in the digestive system sometimes have more than one function.
Explain how parts of a cell (organelles) contribute to the function of the whole cell.
“Each cell part (organelle) has a specific job (like mitochondria make energy, the nucleus stores instructions) that helps the whole cell carry out life functions.”