Simple View of Reading
Reading Comprehension = _______ x __________
Word Recognition × Language Comprehension
PSF measures:
Phonemic Awareness
Core instruction
Dyslexia is primarily:
Neurobiological
Structured literacy instruction is: ________ and ______
Explicit and Systematic
If decoding is weak but listening comprehension is strong, which component is weak?
Word Recognition
NWF measures:
Phonics / Decoding
Tier 2 is typically delivered in:
Small groups
The core deficit in dyslexia involves:
Phonological Processing
Structured literacy teachers the __________ of language directly.
Structure
If Word Recognition is strong but comprehension is weak, intervention should focus on:
Language Comprehension
ORF measures:
Fluency (Words Correct Per Minute + Accuracy)
If a student is below benchmark after Tier 1 instruction, the next step is:
Tier 2 targeted intervention
Name 2 dyslexia characteristics
Instruction uses the ____ do, ____ do, ____ do model.
I do, We do, You do
Why does weakness in one component limit overall reading ability?
Because the components multiply, weakness in one lowers overall reading
A Grade 1 student below benchmark mid-year in PSF and NWF likely has weakness in:
Foundational decoding / phonological processing
Progress monitoring in Tier 2 should occur:
Weekly or biweekly
Name one myth about dyslexia.
It's laziness, it's a vision problem, students grow out of it
Why is guessing from pictures not aligned with structured literacy?
It avoids explicit decoding instruction.
Give a student example where Language Comprehension is strong but Word Recognition is weak.
Strong oral retell but low NWF/ORF scores / struggles to decode but understands when read to
Why is mid-year data critical?
Early intervention prevents long-term reading failure
Why should Tier 2 not replace Tier 1?
It supplements core instruction, and students need core instruction.
Why is universal screening important for dyslexia risk?
It provides us with data for early intervention, which changes outcomes and prevents long-term difficulty
Name four components of structured literacy
Phonemic awareness, phonics, decoding, encoding, fluency, progress monitoring