What distinguishes a molecular dipole? (electron distribution)
a molecule that has an uneven distribution of charge, forming a positive and negative end.
100
What is a resonance structure?
It is a model that gives the same relative position of the atoms in a Lewis Structure but shows different placing of their bonding pairs and lone pairs.
100
What is the fundamental principle of VSEPR theory?
Bonding pairs and lone pairs of electrons in the valence level of an atom will repel one another due to their negative charges.
100
What force will hold atoms in a molecule together?
What are intramoleuclar forces
100
Explain why NaI has a significantly lower melting and boiling point than NaCl.
the strength of the ionic bonds vary with the size of the ions.
200
What molecule is polar (water or carbon dioxide)?
water
200
What are the two ways that one can represent resonance structures?
resonance hybrid, all possible Lewis structures with <--> connecting them.
200
What is the order of decreasing repulsion of lone pairs and bonding pairs?
What is LP-LP> LP-BP > BP-BP
200
What is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charge ends of polar molecules?
What are dipole-dipole forces.
200
Explain why NaCl has a significantly lower melting and boiling point than MgO.
The size difference affects it slightly but the charge on the ions allow MgO to form stronger ionic bonds.
300
Which molecule is more polar (CHCl3) or (CHBr3)?
What is CHCl3
300
When drawing Lewis structures (resonance structures as well) if one cannot fill the valence octet what bond has to form?
What is a co-ordinate covalent bond
300
If a molecule has two bonding pairs and at least one lone pair what VSEPR shape would the molecule be?
What is bent
300
What forces are responsible for inducing forces in non polar molecules?
What are ion-induced dipoles and dipole-induced dipoles.
300
Explain why metals are malleable.
Metals are easily deformed without breaking because the layers can slide over another while the free electrons continue to bind the metal ions together.
400
What determines if a molecule possess a molecular dipole?
What is the electronegativity and molecular shape.
400
Does (CO3)2- have resonance structures and if so how many (draw them)?
Yes, three
400
If a molecule has 3 bonding pairs and one lone pair what VSEPR shape would the molecule posses?
What is pyramidal
400
What forces are present between all non polar molecules due to vibrations that cause temporary dipoles?
What are London Dispersion Forces
400
Why are ionic compounds brittle?
When stressed the layers of the crystal lattice structure can arrange in such a way that like charges will line up and this will cause the crystal to break.
500
Is AsCl3 polar? (Explain why or why not)
Yes
500
Does benzene (C6H6) have resonance structures if so draw them?
HINT: arrange in a ring
Yes it will have two
500
What VSEPR shapes will have bond angles of 109.5 degrees or less?
What is tetrahedral, pyramidal, and bent
500
What is unique about water (2 things)
It's liquid form is more dense then its solid form, it can exist in nature in all three phases at the same time.
500
When are ionic compounds able to conduct electricity?
when they are in the liquid state or when they are dissolved in water.