Conflict between Popes and Monarchs
What happened to Charlemagne’s empire in the centuries after his death?
Louis became sole emperor when Charlemagne died in January 814, ending his reign of more than four decades. At the time of his death, his empire encompassed much of Western Europe. ... In the ensuing decades, his empire was divided up among his heirs, and by the late 800s, it had dissolved. the holy roman empire.
How was the kingdom of England settled? How did it get its name?
Englaland, which means "land of the Angles". The Angles were one of the Germanic tribes that settled in Great Britain during the Early Middle Ages.
How did the call for a Crusade arise in Europe in the late 1000s?
Turks took over Jerusalem from the Fatimids. The Turks harassed pilgrims and marched on the Christian city of Constantinople, so the Byzantine emperor in Constantinople asked Pope Urban II for help.
What made the 800s and 900s a ‟golden age” in Muslim Spain?
everything was going well and it was going very successful economically. they were into arts, literature, plays, ceramics.
What were three new weapons that made the Hundred Years’ War especially deadly?
some new weapons that they had were longbow, cannon, and guns.
What is the significance of the name Holy Roman Empire used by German kings?
This form was first used in a document in 1474. The Holy Roman Empire was named after the Roman Empire and was considered its continuation. ... The Holy Roman Empire looked to Charlemagne, King of the Franks, as its founder, who had been crowned Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day in 800 by Pope Leo III.
escribe the Norman Conquest of England.
The Norman conquest of England was a military invasion of England by William the Conqueror in 1066. ... He invaded England after the death of King Edward the Confessor because he believed he had the most right to be King of England, but King Harold II had himself crowned king instead.
How would you describe the attitude of Europeans toward the First Crusade?
The Muslims were too divided to resist. By 1099, the crusaders had captured Jerusalem and established four crusader states in the Holy Land. The crusaders also turned back the Turks’ advance on Constantinople.
What are some of the factors that helped Christians achieve the Reconquista?
Reconquista helped create a new kingdom, Portuga. Portugal began as a border county of Asturias recaptured from the Umayyad Muslims by Vimara Peres, a vassal of the King Alfonso III of Asturias.
Explain the connection between the Black Death and trade.
The medieval Silk Road brought a wealth of goods, spices, and new ideas from China and Central Asia to Europe. In 1346, the trade also likely carried the deadly bubonic plague that killed as many as half of all Europeans within 7 years, in what is known as the Black Death.
Why did Henry fear excommunication from the Church?
Christians believed that those cast out would not get into heaven. Many popes lived like royalty and this upset the Kings.
Describe the issues that led to Thomas Becket’s murder.
He objected to Henry's move to erode the power of the church. The issue set the former friends against one another and Becket was charged with treason. He fled to France for six years. Under threat of excommunication by the Pope, Henry allowed Becket to return to England in 1170 and resume his role as Archbishop.
Why were the Second and Third Crusades led largely by powerful monarchs?
powerful monarch were good leaders for a holy war
What effect did the expulsion of Jews and Muslims have on Spain’s culture and economy?
loss of a lot of money and food and music and their arts from the jewish culture and the muslim culture.
“The plague slowly tore apart European society.” Describe two ways this statement is true.
The plague slowly tore apart European society. All societies are based on human contact; but as the plague spread, fear of contact drove many into isolation. The rich fled the towns, often taking the town doctors with them. In the towns, entire families were wiped out.
What role did bishops play in the growing conflict between monarchs and popes?
The role the bishops played were powerful and they could support whoever they like better.
What were three changes King John agreed to in signing the Magna Carta?
Here the barons demanded that King John sign a document called the Magna Carta guaranteeing them certain rights. By signing the document, King John agreed to do his duty as King of England, upholding the law and running a fair government. In return, the barons agreed to stand down and surrender London.
What event became a cause of tension between Catholic and Byzantine Christians?
the fourth crusade when there was a lot of blood and attacked harshly against the muslims, wemen, christians, and looted places and smashed christians icons.
Which monarchs completed the Reconquista?
catholic monarchs and ferdinand and isabella completed the reconquista.
How did the Black Death change people’s ideas about their place in society?
The effects of the Black Death were many and varied. Trade suffered for a time, and wars were temporarily abandoned. Many labourers died, which devastated families through lost means of survival and caused personal suffering; landowners who used labourers as tenant farmers were also affected.
What role did trade play in the strengthening of the French monarchy?
The role trade played in the strengthening of the French monarchy was trade benefited from tax profits. ... The person who made the monarchy strong was philip the second.
How did habeas corpus expand the rights of ordinary English people?
The "Great Writ" of habeas corpus is a fundamental right in the Constitution that protects against unlawful and indefinite imprisonment. Translated from Latin it means "show me the body." Habeas corpus has historically been an important instrument to safeguard individual freedom against arbitrary executive power. the writ is a court order.
How did Muslims of the time view the Crusades?
they used them to take the byzantines land
How did Joan of Arc change the course of the Hundred Years’ War?
Who was Joan of Arc, and how did she change the course of the war? She convinced the French King to let her lead an army against the English in 1429. She helped push the English armies out of central France. She was captured by the English, accused of witchcraft, and burned at the stake in 1431.
Describe a major economic impact of the Black Death.
As people died, it became harder and harder to find people to plow fields, harvest crops, and produce other goods and services. Peasants began to demand higher wages. European rulers tried to keep wages from rising. An English law in 1349 tried to force workers to accept the same wages they received in 1346.