"Overview of the Unrest"(pg 17-45), Boren Ch 8
This year is known as “The Year of the Student” for its unprecedented global wave of campus uprisings.
What is 1968?
This decade saw U.S. college campuses transform into centers of activism, rebellion, and self-expression.
What are the 1960s?
This movement, unlike the mostly white, male-led protests of the 1960s, is defined by its racial, gender, and age diversity among activists.
What is the Black Lives Matter movement?
In the 1960s, most student activists were white, male, and affluent. Today’s activists reflect this key demographic change.
What is greater racial, economic, and generational diversity among students?
Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and their students
What played a critical role in the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s?
At the University of Paris–Nanterre, this radical group—whose name means “the maniacs”—helped ignite the May 1968 French student revolution.
Who were Les Enragés?
According to Horowitz, these three student subcultures—College Men/Women, Outsiders, and Rebels—shaped campus life before the 1960s.
What are the traditional student subcultures?
While Civil Rights-era protests used sit-ins and marches, Black Lives Matter activists often organize through this modern tool.
What is social media?
While the 1960s protests centered on civil rights and the Vietnam War, today’s movements often focus on these three modern issues.
What are racial justice, sexual assault, and student debt?
Become a four-year accredited liberal arts college, the only African American College of its kind in the entire state
What is Tougaloo College?
In this country, student protests against police brutality in 1968 grew into a broader civil rights struggle, with student leader Bernadette Devlin elected to Parliament.
What is Northern Ireland?
This 1962 document, written by Students for a Democratic Society, called for “participatory democracy.”
What is the Port Huron Statement?
In response to student activism, many universities created or expanded courses in these areas to ensure diverse perspectives in the curriculum.
What are ethnic studies and social justice?
Modern student activism often relies on digital tools like social media for organizing, a shift from the more traditional 1960s protest tactic.
What are sit-ins and marches?
Between 1961 and 1964, Tougaloo students, faculty, and staff participated in a variety of public attacks on segregation in
What is Jackson, Mississippi?
This 1968 tragedy, known as the Tlatelolco Massacre, saw hundreds of students killed by troops just before the Olympics.
What is the Mexico City student massacre?
This 1964 protest at UC Berkeley, led by Mario Savio, marked a turning point for student free speech and anti-administration movements.
What is the Free Speech Movement?
Today’s student activists have pushed universities to reduce or eliminate this kind of campus presence, redirecting funds toward mental health and student support.
What is armed campus policing?
According to Johnston, many universities now respond to protests more quickly—but often by doing this.
What is involving law enforcement or imposing disciplinary action?
In ______, that Association planned to revoke Tougaloo’s accreditation based on the college’s financial situation.
What is 1951?
In this Asian nation, student riots against the government and U.S. imperialism merged with labor unrest, ultimately forcing President Ayub Khan to resign in 1969.
What is Pakistan?
Horowitz argues that the 1960s blurred these two dimensions of college life, as cultural rebellion and political activism became inseparable.
What are the social and the intellectual (or academic and political) spheres?
Student-led pressure has prompted universities to demonstrate accountability by publishing these reports and requiring anti-racism training.
What are public diversity and inclusion reports?
Johnston warns that this trend, the growing tendency to punish rather than engage with student protesters, has both suppressed and reshaped activism.
What is the criminalization of protest?
Disciples of Christ withdrew its financial support after Tougaloo activists targeted their segregated churches for
What are pray-ins?