A comparison of variables across 2 or more groups under tightly controlled experimental conditions
Between-Groups Design
The most basic form of between-groups designs that controls for most internal validity threats
Posttest-Only Control Group Design
All participants are switched to a different experimental condition about halfway through the study
Crossover Design
All participants are exposed to all of the treatment conditions
Within-Subjects Design
One group receives treatment and the other group does not, and both groups are tested twice
Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design
This term refers to the interaction of the treatments due to their order
Sequence effects
Aims to minimize error variance due to individual variation
Within-Subjects Design
This design is used when 2 or more IVs are employed simultaneously to study independent and interactive effects on a DV
Factorial Designs
These two factors that are considered strengths to this design
Statistical Power and Experimental Control
Controls for all the common threats to internal validity
Between-Groups Design
This design assumes that a particular extraneous variable is important to the outcome of the study
Dependent Samples Designs
These two factors are considered weaknesses to this design
Time and Order Effects
This group of participants is paired in some way with participants in the treatment group
Matched Control Group
This helps researchers control for sequential order threats to internal validity
Counterbalanced Crossover Designs