Vocab 1
Different variations of the same genes
Alleles
The four nitrogen bases that make up DNA
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
Homozygous vs Heterozygous
Homozygous is two of the same alleles (ex. tt or TT). Heterozygous is two different alleles (ex. Tt or TP).
To receive DNA, genes, and traits from a genetic parent
Inherit
Gene vs genome
Gene is a section of a DNA molecule. Genome is all of the genetic info in an organism.
Incomplete dominance
dominant and recessive traits are combined in heterozygous state to result in a blending of traits or phenotypes
The place in most cells where DNA is stored
Nucleus
A DNA sequence that codes for a protein
Gene
Dominant vs Recessive traits
Dominant traits are always visible/present whenever that allele is present-represented by an uppercase letter. Recessive traits are covered up if there is also a dominant allele present-represented by a lowercase letter.
True or False: Adenine pairs with Cytosine
False. Adenine pairs with Thymine, and Cytosine pairs with Guanine.
A long length of DNA that contains many genes
Chromosome
Genotype vs Phenotype
Genotype is the types of genes (alleles) present, represented by uppercase and lowercase letters. Phenotype is the expression of genes to produce physical characteristics (what it looks like).
What does a gene do
A gene codes for a specific protein that determines a trait in the organism.
The structure of DNA
Double Helix
Passing of physical characteristics from genetic parents to offspring
Heredity