Books
When and where was the first book created?
Third century in China
What's the deal with this telegraph thing? Know why it was important.
The telegraph was invented in 1844
A telegraph is a device for transmitting and receiving messages over long distances
Telegraph was the first time in human existence that we could bring information faster than we could - immediately
Recall the role that Thomas Edison played in early film
technological innovator - commercial enterprise
Nickelodeon arcades - commercial value of film
Don’t drown in the details over the Titanic sinking but know its impact on radio (especially the person who legitimized radio as a mass medium).
David Sarnoff
He understands there is a growing crisis as the sea
Relaying this information to newspapers and journalists as it's happening (Titanic)
Radio Act of 1912
Ships are required to have a continuous watch on radio communications
Legitimizes what was formerly considered a hobby - real-time communication relayed to the shore, such as reporters - we can get information instantaneously - I can hear exactly what is going on
who is Elizabeth Eisenstein?
Comes up with the economy of scarcity
Experiencing new ideas from the ‘outside’ (i.e., religious texts, dictionaries, histories, stories, maps)
Readers became free-thinking “individuals.”
The powerful fought back, but books couldn’t be stopped
When censorship of books happens, this group is most often behind the bans or restrictions.
boards and administration
What is yellow journalism?
So essential 2 things happening which is 1) getting into the nitty gritty of what is going on and breaking down the story and 2) making up stories that could be somewhat believable
What is the Black Maria?
Thomas Edison's film studio in East Coast before Hollywood (1890s)
You’ll want to know how the 1996 Telecommunications Act impacted both radio and TV.
1996 Telecommunications Act
Perspective of radio: i can own as many stations as i want - previously there was a cap - a lot of people got in the business of owning a radio station - all those mom and pop radio stations were wiped out
Tv stations: I can own as many as I want - competing stations in the smae market - TV needed to install a V-chip so parents could block or go around the channel - the second is have the rating system
Who is John Peter Zenger?
New York Weekly Journal 1733 -Owner John Peter Zenger
He is incredibly important
Not a fan of the crown
Popular newspapers challenge the crown
The trial established truth as a defense against the government
Permits criticism
foundation in why media existed
Permits the foundation that we can not throw you in Jail for having an opinion
Book publishing, as an industry, reached its height in a certain decade, but which?
in the 1910s, because more people knew how to read and there was a demand
What is a muckraker?
The Muckrakers were investigative journalists and writers who exposed corruption in big business and government
Who’s the guy with the weird name -- Edweard Muybridge & his contribution to early motion pictures?
Blends field biology and movie cinema
First film ever - “the horse in motion” 1878
Do all four legs come off the ground when horses run
Be sure to understand what distinguished the golden era of radio in the 1930s and 1940s.
A culturally unifying thing - no other form of electronic media - advertisers affiliate system
Know who Joseph Pulitzer?
Joseph Pulitzer
A Hungarian immigrant bought the St. Louis Post-Dispatch in 1878
New Journalism
Crusades and sensationalism
New York world - 1883
Pulitzer prize
You will want to know why a book gets challenged most often.
Sexually explicit
What happened/shifted when newspapers moved out of Yellow Journalism to the modern era?
People wanted to move towards real-life news
Major metropolises
Small town dallies
Suburban weeklies
People wanted the unbiased reporting - reporting based on fact vs opinion
There was a loss of trust due to exaggeration
Remember what changed in technology that censors suddenly became concerned with the content of movies/films.
Concerns about immorality
Sound makes content worse
The TV quiz show scandals changed the way people viewed TV forever – what exactly changed following these scandals? (Think about this from the financial side of the TV producer and also from audience’s perspective of TV itself).
Quiz show scandals
Prior to this everyone saw what was happening on TV was real
This is what the show is
Quiz show scandals recognize that the audience can be manuplauted
Planned
I need another form of financial support
Diversification of advertisers - 30-second spots opposed to ethe ntire thing being overwritten by them
Who is William Randolph Hearst?
William Randolph Hearst
Father: mining tycoon - buys newspapers in California to help with his run for U.S. senate
Attended Harvard and was a business editor for Harcard Lampoon (got expelled)
Does not want to enter mining, instead convinces his father to give him control of the San Francisco examiner
Buys morning journal 1885 in NY
Of all the categories of books, it’s good to know which accounts for the most revenue.
Trade books
- chapter
- fiction/non-fiction
- comics
You'll need to know what happened to newspapers when TVs appeared and became popular
1990s-present
Digital revolution
People are busy with gaming, social media, etc
Newspapers lost classified ads
Newspapers are mostly free (at first)
Problem: made less $ on digital ads .
We saw Frank Sinatra in a very surprising movie role. You’ll need to know why that was.
Frank Sinatra was in the man in the golden arm - heroin and its effects
How film responded to television - social realism
If only a few corporations/groups/people control the majority of something, we call that what? (TV fits this model and it’s not a monopoly).
olagopoly
Who is Benjamin Day? Where did he work, and what was unique about what he did?
dropping the price from six cents to one cent
creating things like reporters and actually hiring staff to people to go out and findings and information
he hired news boys people stand on the corner and sell the paper he
came up with the concept of hey let's try to make this a little bit easier to read is now we're going to try and drop the price and reach the lightest possible audience so let's make it a little more simplified