ideas
Who was John Locke and what did he believe?
Enlightenment thinker who believed in natural rights and the social contract.
What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution on families?
Long hours, poor conditions, child labor, but more goods and urban life.
What caused the American Revolution?
Taxation without representation and desire for self-rule.
What is the difference between relative and absolute location?
Absolute is exact (coordinates), relative is described by surroundings.
What major African trade linked North and West Africa?
The gold-salt trade.
What did Enlightenment thinkers value most?
Reason, liberty, individual rights, and questioning tradition.
What resources fueled the Industrial Revolution?
Coal, iron, and water used for factories and transportation.
Who led the Haitian slave revolt?
Toussaint L’Ouverture.
What is a compass rose and why is it useful?
A symbol showing cardinal directions on a map helps with navigation.
How did Africa connect to the rest of the world from the 13th to 15th centuries?
Through Islamic trade routes, Indian Ocean trade, and trans-Saharan exchanges.
How did Enlightenment ideas influence U.S. government?
Concepts like separation of powers and rights influenced the Constitution.
How did urbanization change society?
People moved to cities, leading to overcrowding, but more job opportunities.
How did Native Americans resist European colonization?
Through revolts, alliances, sabotage, and cultural survival.
How does physical geography influence human activity?
It affects where people settle, farm, build cities, and access resources.
What did the Treaty of Tordesillas do?
It divided the New World between Spain and Portugal.
Compare Hobbes and Locke’s views on government.
Hobbes: strong government to prevent chaos Locke limited gov to protect rights.
What were two technological advantages Europeans had over Native Americans?
Guns and steel weapons.
What was the Columbian Exchange?
The transfer of crops, animals, and diseases between the Americas and Europe.