Vocabulary
A group that can mate and produce fertile offspring
What is a species?
Speciation caused by physical barriers
What is allopatric speciation?
Barriers before fertilization
What are prezygotic mechanisms?
Slow and steady evolution
What is gradualism?
Large-scale evolutionary changes over long time
What is macroevolution?
Formation of new species
What is speciation?
Speciation without geographic separation
What is sympatric speciation?
Barriers after fertilization
What are postzygotic mechanisms?
What is punctuated equilibrium?
Rapid bursts with long pauses
Continuous extinction happening over time
What is background extinction?
Small local breeding group
What is a deme?
Rapid speciation in one generation
What is instantaneous speciation?
Different mating behaviors
What is behavioral isolation?
One species becomes many
What is adaptive radiation?
When many species go extinct in a short time
What is mass extinction?
Gradual change in traits across locations
What is a cline?
When gene flow stops between populations
What leads to speciation?
Offspring cannot reproduce
What is hybrid sterility?
Different species evolve similar traits
What is convergent evolution?
Evolution where species become more different over time
What is divergent evolution?
Populations that can mate with neighbors but not ends
What is a ring species?
What causes allopatric speciation?
What causes allopatric speciation?
Gametes cannot fuse
What is gamete incompatibility?
Two species influence each other’s evolution
What is coevolution?
Example: sharks, dolphins, penguins having similar bodies
What is convergent evolution?