Cell Cycle
What is it called when the parent cell splits into identical cells?
Cytokinesis
What enzyme sticks a primer on DNA to build a new strand?
Primase
Point Mutations stem from what?
Errors in replicating DNA
What we call small pieces of RNA added to a DNA strand during replication. This RNA fragment allows a DNA polymerase to start the synthesis of a new strand.
Primer
DNA is synthesized in what direction?
5' to 3'
_______ is what we call the DNA replication process because both of the DNA strands produced are composed of one newly synthesized strand and one old strand.
Semi-conservative replication
What enzyme opens helix up, producing a replication fork?
Helicase
Mutations can also stem from what?
Chromosome Rearrangements
Process in which replicated DNA in one cell is divided evenly and split into 2 cells that are exact copies of original cell
Mitosis
Which of the two general cell types can have plasmids?
Prokaryotic
What stage does the cell prepare to divide by growing?
G1
What enzyme bridges gaps in new DNA strand?
Ligase
Some mutations can cause what?
Genetic Diseases and cancer
The newly built DNA strand built towards the replication fork that can run continuously is known as the what?
Leading strand
What macromolecules store and express genetic information?
Nucleic acids or DNA/RNA
In what portion of interphase does DNA synthesis/replication happen?
S
What enzyme builds the new side of DNA?
Polymerase
Mutations are our only source of what?
Biodiversity
The newly built DNA strand built away from the replication fork and must wait to get ahead to build new DNA strand in pieces is known as the what?
Lagging strand
How many base pairs of DNA are there in the humans genome?
3 million
In what stage of interphase is newly replicated DNA condensed and prepared for mitosis?
G2
What enzyme runs in front of replication to unwind DNA strand?
Topoisomerase
Without biodiversity, we cannot what?
Evolve or survive
The four-stage process by which cells live, grow, and replicate is known as the what?
cell cycle
what are the pairs of chromosomes described as?
Homologous