Modification Strategies
Which strategy is described as when the student experiences a moment of stuttering, they attempt to hold on to the stutter (prolonging it slightly) then relaxing the tension, often through the use of a stretched sound, before finishing the word.
Pull out or Sliding
Stuttering is more common among men than women. In adults, the men-to-women ratio is....
A) 2:1
B) 3:1
C) 4:1
4:1 (4 men to 1 woman)
True or False? Stuttering is caused by anxiety or nerves?
False. While nervousness and anxiety can exasperate stuttering symptoms (similar to someone who doesn't stutter), it is not the root cause.
This person was an actress and model known for her blonde hair and beauty. She once was married to Joe DiMaggio, the famous baseball player. She died in 1962.
Marilyn Monroe
This person was vice president to the 44th president of the US. He then went on to become the 46th president of the US.
Joe Biden
This is a strategy where speakers purposely stutter how they typically would. Then, speakers are instructed to repeat the same word with a reduction in tension up to 50%. An extra activity is to perform another intentional stutter with even less tension, around 25% of the original intentional stuttered word.
Relaxing the Stutter
What percentage of people stutter into adulthood?
A) 0.5%
B) 1%
C) 2%
1%
True or False? Stuttering is caused by emotional or psychological problems?
False. Children and adults who stutter are no more likely to have psychological or emotional problems than children and adults who do not. There is no reason to believe that emotional trauma causes stuttering.
This famous singer was dubbed the "King of Rock and Roll." He had hits like "Burning Love," "Hound dog," and "Jailhouse Rock."
Elvis Presley
This red-headed UK singer first gained popularity after opening for Taylor Swift in 2013. His albums famously are named after mathematical symbols (+, - x, etc.).
Ed Sheeran
When you stutter, stay in the stutter no matter what and finish the word, and then pause and re-say the word with less tension as best you can.
Cancellation
True or False? Stuttering is associated with differences in the brain.
True. While the origin of stuttering is unknown, research shows that people who stutter have differences in the motor planning portion of the brain.
This German-born physicist developed the special and general theories of relativity and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. He is generally considered the most influential physicist of the 20th century.
Albert Einstein
This famous actress is married to Jon Krasinski. Her most famous roles include Emily in "Devil Wears Prada" and Mary Poppins in "Mary Poppins."
Emily Blunt
Strategy to promote awareness of the occurrence of stuttering behaviors. Making a physical movement (such as raising a hand or fingers, closing fist, etc.) each time you stutter to build awareness of stuttering.
Catching the Stutter
Why are people who stutter typically more fluent when they sing?
The University of Iowa has done some research on this topic, and have concluded that “Music is an activity in which you use the right side of the brain (language uses the left), so when you sing music, you’re no longer using your left brain (and probably no longer stuttering).”
True or False? Stuttering is a condition that always appears suddenly.
False. Stuttering can begin gradually and develop over time, or it can appear suddenly.
This famous man was the Prime Minister of the UK during World War II. He was depicted by Gary Oldman in the 2017 biopic about his life, "the Darkest Hour."
Winston Churchill
This famous actor has three daughters with his ex-wife Demi Moore. He is known for his roles in "Die Hard," "The Sixth Sense," and "Pulp Fiction."
Bruce Willis
A method that involves stuttering on purpose. The person who stutters enters into a conversation with another person with the plan to stutter throughout the conversation (early on and on purpose) to give the speaker more control over the stutter.
Voluntary/Intentional Stuttering
What are four factors most likely to contribute to the development of stuttering?
genetics (approximately 60% of those who stutter have a family member who does also); child development (children with other speech and language problems or developmental delays are more likely to stutter); neurophysiology (recent neurological research has shown that people who stutter process speech and language slightly differently than those who do not stutter); and family dynamics (high expectations and fast-paced lifestyles can contribute to stuttering).
True or False? Sometimes, people will have periods in which the stuttering appears to go away, only to have it return. This variability is normal.
True.
This man became the king of England in 1936. Collin Firth plays him in a 2010 biopic about his experiences as a king who stutters.
King George IV
This man is an English actor, comedian and writer. He is primarily known for his role as "Mr. Bean," but also played major roles in "Johnny English," "Scooby Doo," and "Love Actually."
Rowan Atkinson