The Cognitive Revolution
This term describes the shift from behaviorism to a renewed focus on mental processes.
What is the cognitive revolution?
This psychologist is credited with pioneering studies on cognitive development in children.
Who is Jean Piaget?
Cognitive psychology returned to the study of these, which behaviorism had largely ignored.
What are mental processes (or internal mental events)?
This school of thought focused solely on observable behavior.
What is behaviorism?
Cognitive psychology laid the foundation for this interdisciplinary field combining AI, neuroscience, linguistics, and philosophy.
What is cognitive science?
Cognitive psychology was heavily influenced by advancements in this field, particularly through metaphors.
What is computer science?
He challenged rote memory theories by emphasizing the reconstructive nature of memory.
Who is Frederick C. Bartlett?
This method was central to Piaget’s research with children.
What is the clinical interview method (or semi-structured interviews)?
Behaviorists viewed the mind as this, making it irrelevant to scientific psychology.
What is a black box?
Cognitive research has profoundly influenced this field focused on mental health treatment
What is clinical psychology?
This 1967 book helped formally define and popularize the cognitive approach.
What is Cognitive Psychology by Ulric Neisser?
This psychologist coined the term “cognitive psychology” and published a foundational text in 1967.
Who is Ulric Neisser?
Cognitive psychologists often use these models to simulate human thinking.
What are computer models (or computational models)?
Cognitive psychology reintroduced this type of data into experimental work
What is mentalistic data (or cognitive data)?
This type of brain imaging technology emerged later to support cognitive theories
What are fMRI or PET scans?
The cognitive revolution occurred largely as a reaction against this dominant school of thought.
What is behaviorism?
This cognitive scientist’s critiques of Skinner’s views on language helped spark cognitive interest
Who is Noam Chomsky?
Unlike behaviorists, cognitive psychologists accept the use of this technique to study mental structures.
What is introspection (or self-report)?
This behaviorist argued against inner mental explanations, including for language
Who is B.F. Skinner?
Cognitive approaches have transformed this field, especially in understanding how students learn.
What is educational psychology?
This area of language theory by Noam Chomsky was critical in undermining behaviorist accounts of language acquisition.
What is generative grammar (or transformational grammar)?
He developed schema theory and conducted experiments using the War of the Ghosts story
Who is Bartlett?
This method involves tracking how long it takes to respond to stimuli, offering insight into cognitive processes.
What is reaction time measurement?
This type of learning, focused on understanding underlying patterns, became a cognitive focus
What is rule-based learning or insight learning?
Cognitive psychology helped create the modern study of this, concerning how we make decisions
What is judgment and decision-making (or cognitive bias research)?