medications
Patients can get addicted to this medication. It is a substitute for heroin. SE are dysphoria, N&V, lacrimation, rhinorrhea (runny nose), yawn, pupil dilation, diarrhea, muscle aches, fever, insomnia.
Methadone
This medication creates an aversion to alcohol. Important to educate them that they would have nausea and vomiting when medication is combined with cough syrup, mouthwash with alcohol in them.
disulfiram (antabuse)
when do patients have a choice in their addiction?
After they become clean
In order to deal with psych and substance abuse disorders you have to have a...
dual license
An opiate antagonist used to prevent relapse in alcohol and narcotic recovery by preventing the euphoria, craving for opiates, and desire to consume alcohol. Given once monthly IM
What is naltrexone (vivitrol)
Med can be given subQ, IV, IM, and intranasally. It can be given more than once. 1 spray is equivalent to 4mg. Multiple doses are given to reverse all signs of opioid toxicity.
Naloxone (Narcan)
This medication will most likely be given on a taper from 5-7 days for seizures associated with AUD (alcohol use disorder) after 8-10 hours of last drink.
benzodiazepine
What is the wrong to say about a patient who struggles with addiction
they are addicted by choice
what are environmental factors related to addiction?
poor living conditions, supervision, poor education, lack of support systems
A person who abuses hallucinogens will not experience what on cessation of use?
withdrawals
this medication is an antihypertensive. It lowers HR and increases oxygenation by dilating blood vessels. The off label use is decreasing withdrawal symptoms, alleviate physical W/D symptoms in days rather than weeks. Doesn't do anything for muscle aches.
clonidine
what is the limit for drinks to be considered heavy drinking for men and women?
men 14
women 8 or more
tolerance is****
needing a higher dose to achieve the initial level of response
what are the different types of "DRUGS"
alcohol
sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics
stimulants
cannabis
opioids
hallucinogens
inhalants
Treatment for barbiturate OD
gastric lavage (activated charcoal) pt always has the option to take orally, when they gag too much then it has to be given via NG tube.
dialysis, resp/CV support (ICU)
this medication is a non-opioid that needs an Rx, manages w/d by decreasing w/d feelings and discomfort. Side Effects are drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, dry mouth, can be taken with suboxone.
Lofexidine (lucemyra)
This is a medical emergency due to it's high mortality rate. It is most common in patients with AUD Hx and previous withdrawal episodes. It is the most severe form of AWS (alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) helps here.
Delirium Tremens (DTs)
What should be ruled out first... and then what should be done?
physical symptoms
psych eval
Detox is
safe withdrawal to prevent symptoms
Signs and symptoms of opioid intoxication
drowsiness, slurred speech, pinpoint pupils, psychomotor retardation, reduced respirations, reduced BP, reduced HR
12-24 hours after cessation of alcohol. Seizures may occur. Which medication should be given and by which route?
diazepam-IV
Chronic alcohol abuse can cause...
vitamin B/thiamine deficiency
Dope sick, symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance
withdrawal
what is dependence
increased tolerance and abuse, difficulty quitting
Symptoms of ________ include dysphoria, N/V, lacrimation (tears), rhinorrhea (runny nose), yawn, pupil dilation, diarrhea, muscle aches, fever, insomnia
withdrawals