Uppers
What are three types of stimulants
Prescription Amphetamines, Diet Aids, Methamphetamine, Cocaine, Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts), Nicotine, Caffeine
3 Sedatives
Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, GHB, Certain Sleep Medications (Lunesta, Ambien)
True or False: Many Psychedelics come from plants?
True
Symptoms if taken in high doses (at least 3)
Agitation, Aggression, Paranoia, Suicidal or Homicidal tendencies. Auditory, Visual hallucination.
What are sedatives medically used for?
Induce sleep, relieve anxiety, muscle Spasms, Prevent Seizures,
MDMA creates an effect similar to what other type of substance?
Stimulants
Withdrawal effects
Depression, craving, fatigue
Effects on the Body
Slurred Speech, Loss of Motor Coordination, Weakness, Headache, Lightheadedness, blurred vision, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, low blood pressure, slowed breathing.
What effects do Psychedelics cause?
Sweating, palpitations, increased heart rate and breathing. Nausea. Dizziness, Dilated pupils, reduced appetite, and sweating. Sensory distortions, depersonalization, impaired concentration and motivation.
Symptoms of large doses
Dizziness, tremors, headaches, flush skin, chest pain, palpitations, excessive sweating, vomiting, abdominal pain,
Benzodiazepines replaced what drug?
Barbiturates
What are long term effects of cannabis use?
Respiratory complications
Hyperemesis
Impact to Immune system- can be a factor in HIV progression, enhanced growth of tumors, more susceptible to infection.
What neurotransmitters are impacted?
Norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine
What classifications of substances are considered downers?
Major Depressants, Sedative Hypnotics, Opiates
Minor Depressants, Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Antihistamines, Sleep Aides
What nervous system is impacted by psychedelics?
Sympathetic
How much dopamine is released during stimulant use versus natural dopamine release?
2-10x more dopamine is released than what is released with normal activities.
What nervous system do downers impact and what does it do?
Central Nervous System
What was LSD prescribed for, why did it discontinue?
Used to treat mental illness, alcoholism in 1950's and by 1960's discontinued due to high suicide and death rates. sold as Delysid
Why do stimulants reduce eating and drinking?
They confuse the brain by triggering survival activities before they happen, satisfying the need without actually satisfying the need.
What neurochemical and nervous system changes happen due to long term opiate use?
Hypersensitive to emotional and physical pain.
Hyperalgesia, hyperpathia, Allodynia, Hyperkatifeia
What are the 5 main classifications of psychedelics?
Indoles- Psilocybin, Ayahuasca
Phenylalkylamines- Peyote, MDMA
Anticholinergics- Belladonna, Datura
Individual Classified- Ketamine, PCP, Salvia, DXM
Cannabinoids