CNS depressants
What are the 3 major CNS depressants to consider
Alcohol, barbiturates and benzodiazepams
What question do we ask to predict the onset of withdrawal symptoms with alcohol?
When did you have your last drink?
What are the 3 major symptoms of a severe opioid overdose?
pinpoint pupils, depressed respirations, coma/death
What is the predominant defense mechanism used by people with an alcohol use disorder
Denial
What is the name of the program for nurses with substance abuse and mental health problems that protects the public and offers opportunities for recovery? Hint: Abbreviation is 5 letters
TPAPN; Texas Peer Assistance Program for Nurses
For alcohol use disorder, twin and family studies indicate that __________% of risk is related to genetic factors.
40-60%
What do nurses use to monitor the presence of and severity of alcohol withdrawal?
CIWA Scale and vital signs
Does opioid withdrawal have a similar risk of fatality like alcohol and barbiturates?
Name a medication for opioid withdrawal that usually is given in a clinic.
No
Methadone (dolophine)
What % of people who are mentally ill have a substance use problem?
50-60%
Alcohol, marijuana, cocaine
What is the most prevalent drug used?
Alcohol
Distinct facial features, growth and development delays and behavioral issues are related to opioid, stimulant, alcohol, or nicotine use in pregnancy?
Alcohol: fetal alcohol syndrome
State 3 mild/minor signs of alcohol withdrawal and then 3 severe signs
Mild: mild anxiety, tremor, restless sleep, headache, GI disturbance, slight sweating
panic state, delirium, disorientation, A/V hallucinations, gross tremors, convulsions
What drug is frequently involved in ED visits mimicking or sometimes actually causing a heart attack?
Does it have a short or long half life?
Cocaine
Short half life
What therapeutic modality works to identify and change maladaptive thought patterns?
CBT
Name 2 of the common medications used to help patients maintain abstinence from alcohol.
Disulfiram (Antabuse), Naltrexone (Revia, Vivitrol), Acamprosate (Campral)
Mixing alcohol with what 3-5 substances can be fatal?
CNS depressants such as barbiturates, benzo, opioids, antipsychotics and antidepressants
What is the term for the global confusion, autonomic hyperactivity, seizures and worst case heart attack predicted by heavy and prolonged use of alcohol when the alcohol is reduced or stopped?
Delerium Tremens
What is the synthetic stimulant that creates a high that can last 6-24 hours?
Meth
In the dual diagnosis population, what medications are used instead of benzodiazepines for anxiety, stress, depression?
SSRIs and Buspar
What drugs are often used by adolescents and are easily purchased?
Inhalants
What do the letters C,A,G,E stand for in a standardized tool to identify a substance abuse issue?
Cut down, annoyed, guilty, eye opener
What is the gold standard medication given during alcohol detoxification that mimics the effects of alcohol in the CNS?
Benzodiazepines
Name a predator drug/date rape drug which is incapacitating and can lead to amnesia, loss of muscle control and slowed breathing
Rohypnol (flunitrazepam),Ketamine, GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate)
A basic concept of AA: Although people with addictive disorders are not responsible for their disease, they are responsible for their_______________.
Recovery
They can no longer blame people, places and things for their addiction - they must face their problems and their feelings.
What are 2 self help groups for family members of a person with a substance use disorder?
Al-Anon and Alateen offer support and guidance to adults and teens who need help themselves with coping.