Definitions & Dynamics
This term describes when a person no longer responds to a drug in the way they initially did, requiring a higher dose to achieve the same effect.
What is Tolerance?
This percentage is the legal limit for Blood Alcohol Level (BAL); at 0.40–0.50%, coma and death are likely.
What is 0.08%?
This narcotic antagonist is used to reverse an opioid overdose and improve outcomes.
What is Naloxone?
The most popular stimulant worldwide, which is not an official use disorder but can cause withdrawal headaches.
What is Caffeine?
Drugs in this Schedule (like Heroin and LSD) have a high potential for abuse and no acceptable medical use.
What is Schedule I?
The reward pathway in the brain primarily involves this system, which includes the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) and Nucleus Accumbens.
What is Tolerance?
This classic sign of alcohol withdrawal, also known as "the shakes," usually begins 6 to 8 hours after alcohol cessation.
What is Tremulousness (or Tremors)?
The three symptoms known as the "overdose triad" suggesting toxic levels of opiates.
What are Constricted pupils, Respiratory depression, and Coma?
Death from this stimulant is often the result of hyperthermia due to prolonged seizure activity or cardiac arrhythmias.
What is Cocaine?
Drugs in this Schedule (like Methadone and Ritalin) have a high potential for abuse but are available by prescription.
What is Schedule II?
The reward pathway in the brain primarily involves this system, which includes the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) and Nucleus Accumbens.
What is the Mesolimbic system?
A medical emergency that can happen anytime within the first 72 hours of alcohol cessation, characterized by autonomic hyperactivity and hallucinations.
What are Delirium Tremens (DTs)?
A Schedule II synthetic opioid agonist used for treatment, which must be dispensed through a certified OTP (Opioid Treatment Program).
What is Methadone?
Often the first substance abused by teenagers, involving toxic gases and "huffing."
What are Inhalants?
Low-risk drugs like Xanax and Ativan fall into this Schedule.
What is Schedule IV?
The DSM-5 merged these two previously separate categories into the single diagnosis of "Substance Use Disorder."
What are Substance Abuse and Substance Dependence?
A condition caused by thiamine deficiency associated with long-term alcohol use.
What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome?
This illegal semisynthetic opioid has a higher abuse rate than others and crosses the blood-brain barrier more easily.
What is Heroin?
A hallucinogen that can cause profound disturbances in reality, flashbacks, and panic attacks.
What is LSD (or Acid)?
This opioid antagonist may be used to treat individuals with severe symptoms of Gambling Disorder.
What is Naltrexone?
This term describes a set of physiological symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance, which can range from mild to life-threatening.
What is Withdrawal?
This 10-question self-report screening tool is used to assess the severity of alcohol use.
What is the AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test)?
Physical signs of IV drug use often found on the body during an assessment.
What are Track marks (or skin abscesses)?
The main active ingredient in marijuana responsible for sedative and hallucinogenic effects.
What is THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)?
A 12-step program for gambling addiction modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous.
What is Gamblers Anonymous (GA)?