Substance Use
Misuse of drugs can cause changes in cognition, behavior, or emotions. May be due to intoxication. When it becomes excessive, can lead to this.
A Substance Use Disorder.
Repeated exposure to abuse of drugs causes a progressive and long-lasting increase in their stimulating and reinforcing effects.
What is Sensitization?
Food and drinks tasting "strange."
What are gustatory hallucinations?
Freud's view of the cause of schizophrenia, related to this type of parent, with a “cold, domineering, uninterested” style.
What is the “schizophrenogenic mother.”
Show little emotion, have few if any close ties with others, appear to genuinely prefer to be alone; often described as “loners.”
What is Schizoid Personality Disorder?
mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood
What is Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)?
The neurotransmitter that is involved in the pleasurable aspects of most drugs and can lead to addiction.
What is Dopamine?
Fixed, false beliefs that conflict with reality. Despite contrary evidence, a person can’t let go of their convictions.
What are delusions?
Treat a wider range of symptoms, decrease the amount of dopamine, fewer EPS side effects.
What are the "Atypicals," 2nd generation of antipsychotic drugs.
Interpersonal difficulties, discomfort in close relationships, feel anxious around others, isolate, do not have many (if any) close friends. May feel very lonely.
What is Schizotypal Personality Disorder?
Alcohol stimulates receptors of this “inhibitory” neurotransmitter, which brings about the depressant effects.
What is GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)?
Unpleasant and potentially dangerous effects following the cessation of a drug that has been addictive.
What are withdrawal symptoms?
Thinking and speech are disorganized and they may not think logically. Part of a "formal thought disorder."
What are "Disordered Thoughts," a "positive" symptom of schizophrenia.
Therapist/theorist who worked with families of those with schizophrenia, in the 1950's.
Who was Murray Bowen?
Intense, dramatic, unstable emotions and distorted self-image. Self-esteem depends on the approval of others and does not arise from a true feeling of self-worth.
What is Histrionic Personality Disorder?
Opioids bind to neuron receptors (opiate-type receptors) that normally receive messages from these that are naturally produced.
What are endorphins (& enkephalins)?
Deterioration of several aspects of life - personal, social, and occupational, with distortions and disturbances in thinking, perceptions, emotions, etc.
What is Schizophrenia?
Apathy, drained of energy, ambivalence, low motivation.
What is avolition, one of the "negative" symptoms of schizophrenia.
Pervasive and rigid patterns of internal expression and outward behaviors that are usually extreme and dysfunctional.
What are personality disorders?
Show little to no regard for right and wrong, ignore the rights and feelings of others. Tend to manipulate or treat others harshly or with callous indifference. They show no guilt or remorse.
What is Antisocial Personality Disorder? (Often referred to as Sociopathy)?
Marijuana comes from the hemp plant (cannabis sativa) and contains this ingredient that causes the "high."
What is Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)?
Hallucinations, delusions, disordered thoughts, perceptual abnormalities, and inappropriate emotional responses.
What are the "positive" symptoms of schizophrenia?
Presence of positive symptoms - too much dopamine, such as in the limbic system. And, presence of negative symptoms - decreased levels of dopamine, such as in the prefrontal cortex.
What are Type I and Type II schizophrenia, in that order?
Dramatic (Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic) Disorders.
What are Cluster B Personality Disorders?
Feelings of nervousness, low self-esteem, intense fear of rejection and being negatively judged by others, very uncomfortable in social situations.
What is Avoidant Personality Disorder?