Depression Be Gone!
Ants in the Pants
Hoping for some Zzzzz's
Psychotic Pearls
Mania Anyone?
100
Depression is associated with a deficit in the activity of these neurotransmitters.
What is serotonin and norephinephrine.
100
The site of fear.
What is the amygdala?
100
These P's are considered the three P's in treating insomina.
What is: 1. Predisposing Factors: (increase in physiological, emotional, cognitive arousal, personality factors....easy to anger, worry, stress). 2. Precipitating Factors: (medical illness....pain, asthma, allergies, sleep apnea, RLS). 3. Perpetuating Factors: sleeping late on weekends, napping to catch up.
100
The primary neurotransmitter involved in psychosis.
What is dopamine?
100
This medication targeted for use in mania is under-utilized as it is stigmatized.
What is lithium.
200
Choosing a sedating antidepressant to treat agitated/anxious depressed patients suffering from insominia
What is using the side effect of the medication in a beneficial manner?
200
The goal of treatment of anxiety disorders.
What is reining in the overactive amygdala?
200
Sleep disorders are often divided into 3 categories that include:
What is those producing insomnia, those causing daytime sleepiness and those disrupting sleep.
200
The goal in treating psychosis.
What is affecting dopamine pathways differently. 1. Decreasing the overactivity of the mesolimbic pathway: responsible for + sx including delusions, hallucination, paranoia, agitation. 2. Increase the underactivity of the mesocortical pathway responsible for - sx including: anhedonia, apathy, cog. sx and dysphoria.
200
This medication is often used for mania, less so for depression, but carries the unwanted/distressing side effect of hair loss.
What is depakote or valproic acid.
300
When the Serotonin 3 post-synaptic receptor is stimulated it causes these side effects.
What are headache and gastrointestinal side effects.
300
Anxiety, worry, restlessness, feeling keyed up on edge, being easily fatigues, difficulting concentrating, mind going blank, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance are all symptoms associated with this DSM IV-TR diagnosis.
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
300
Successful treatment of insomnia is based on this.
What is taking a good history to rule out primary sleep disorders, medical of psychiatric disorders?
300
Dr. S. refers to second generation or aytpical antipsychotic agents in this way.
What is an S2 D2 This describes their mechanism of action. Block serotonin 2A (5HT2A or S2) post-synaptic receptors as well as the dopamine 2 (D2) receptors thereby modulating rather than diffusely blocking the dopamine system.
300
The most effective medication in the treatment of bipolar depression is also known for the potential development of the serious s/e known as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.
What is Lamictal
400
Rapid withdrawal of medications like Paxil and Celexa can cause flu like symptoms, dizziness, anxiety, vivid nightmares. This occurance is known as:
What is discontinuation syndrome.
400
The general rule of thumb is to treat patients who have GAD for this period of time.
What is one year?
400
List at least three components of sleep hygiene important to consider when treating insomnia.
What is a regular sleep-wake cycle. Regular exercise during the day. Avoid hot or spicy food close to bedtime. Avoid caffeine, nicotine, alcohol Relaxing routines prior to sleep (non-stimulating book, warm bath or shower). Room with lower temp. Cues brain it is time to sleep. Dark room.
400
Blockade of D2 receptors initially leads to a relative dopamine deficency. This deficency causes these "stiff" side effects.
What is EPS (extrapyramidal symtoms): akathisia, dystonia and parkinsonianism.
400
Some of the rule outs to determine if patient is presenting with unipolar or bipolar depression.
What is: Course of illness: prepubital onset in 1/3 of pt. with BD. Episodes of depression are short lived in BD Episodes of depression are more frequent in BD Seasonal component more common in BD Pospartum depression probably BD. Rapid onset seen in BD.
500
List the four sequential factors when choosing an antidepressant.
What is: Safety Efficacy Tolerability Availability
500
What two medication classes are considered the medications of choice in the treatment of panic disorder?
What are benzodiazepines and serotonergic antidepressants (SSRI's)?
500
The desired qualities of a sleep medication. These include:
What is: Rapid onset of action Rapid elimination Short Tmax: the time it takes to reach maximum conc. in the brain. Favorable s/e profile. Minimal risk of rebound.
500
This is the first S2D2, extremely effective, yet hampered by serious side effects including seizures and agranulocytosis.
What is Clorzaril (Clozapine).
500
The rationale for medication adherence in individuals with mood disorders.
What is the notion that it is not healthy for the brain to have mood instability. The more episodes a patient has, the more likely they are to have more in the future. As the number of episodes increases, it takes less stress to precipitate an episode.
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