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1. Why were river valleys important to the development of early civilizations?
A. They provided natural barriers against trade.
B. They supplied fertile soil and water for farming.
C. They prevented population growth.
D. They eliminated the need for government.
B. They supplied fertile soil and water for farming.
6. Alexander the Great is most remembered for—
A. creating the Silk Road.
B. spreading Hellenistic culture.
C. inventing democracy.
D. founding Rome.
B. spreading Hellenistic culture.
11. Hinduism teaches belief in—
A. reincarnation and karma.
B. one prophet.
C. salvation through faith alone.
D. atheism.
A. reincarnation and karma.
16. During the Islamic Golden Age, Muslim scholars made advances in—
A. astronomy, mathematics, and medicine.
B. industrial production.
C. nuclear science.
D. democracy.
A. astronomy, mathematics, and medicine.
21. One result of the Crusades was—
A. increased trade between Europe and Asia.
B. the fall of Rome.
C. the Industrial Revolution.
D. the creation of NATO.
A. increased trade between Europe and Asia.
26. Humanism emphasized—
A. the importance of human potential and achievement.
B. military conquest.
C. religious authority only.
D. isolationism.
A. the importance of human potential and achievement.
43. Nationalism contributed to the unification of—
A. China and Japan.
B. Germany and Italy.
C. India and Pakistan.
D. Greece and Egypt.
B. Germany and Italy.
2. Hammurabi's Code is best known for—
A. promoting democracy.
B. establishing a written set of laws.
C. creating the first empire.
D. spreading Christianity.
B. establishing a written set of laws.
7. Which Roman contribution continues to influence modern societies?
A. Feudalism
B. Caste system
C. Written laws and republican government
D. Divine-right monarchy
C. Written laws and republican government
12. Buddhism spread throughout Asia primarily because of—
A. Roman conquests.
B. trade routes and missionaries.
C. the Crusades.
D. feudalism.
B. trade routes and missionaries.
17. Religions often influenced societies by—
A. shaping laws and cultural values.
B. eliminating governments.
C. preventing trade.
D. ending social classes.
A. shaping laws and cultural values.
22. The Black Death led to—
A. population growth.
B. labor shortages and social changes.
C. stronger feudalism.
D. fewer trade opportunities.
B. labor shortages and social changes.
27. Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo are best known as—
A. explorers.
B. Renaissance artists.
C. monarchs.
D. reformers.
B. Renaissance artists.
44. A common effect of imperialism on colonized peoples was—
A. loss of political independence.
B. increased self-government.
C. complete equality.
D. reduced cultural influence.
A. loss of political independence.
3. The Nile River contributed to Egyptian civilization by—
A. causing constant warfare.
B. providing fertile land and transportation.
C. isolating Egypt from other cultures.
D. preventing trade.
B. providing fertile land and transportation.
8. Which factor contributed to the fall of the Western Roman Empire?
A. Strong leadership
B. Economic problems and invasions
C. Discovery of the Americas
D. Industrialization
B. Economic problems and invasions
13. Judaism is based on belief in—
A. many gods.
B. reincarnation.
C. one God.
D. ancestor worship.
C. one God.
18. Feudalism in Europe was based on—
A. loyalty between lords and vassals.
B. democratic elections.
C. industrial production.
D. capitalism.
A. loyalty between lords and vassals.
23. The Byzantine Empire helped preserve—
A. Native American traditions.
B. Greek and Roman knowledge.
C. industrial technology.
D. feudal law.
B. Greek and Roman knowledge.
28. The printing press increased the spread of—
A. disease.
B. information and ideas.
C. feudalism.
D. slavery.
B. information and ideas.
45. Which factor helped cause World War I?
A. Militarism and alliances
B. Industrialization
C. The Cold War
D. Decolonization
A. Militarism and alliances
4. How did geography influence Ancient Greece?
A. Mountains encouraged independent city-states.
B. Flat land promoted one unified kingdom.
C. Deserts limited trade.
D. Rivers connected all regions.
A. Mountains encouraged independent city-states.
9. The Silk Roads were important because they—
A. spread goods, ideas, and technologies.
B. connected Europe to the Americas.
C. promoted isolation.
D. ended trade between civilizations.
A. spread goods, ideas, and technologies.
14. Christianity spread rapidly through the Roman Empire because of—
A. trade networks and Roman roads.
B. Viking invasions.
C. feudalism.
D. industrialization.
A. trade networks and Roman roads.
19. The manorial system was primarily an economic system based on—
A. factory production.
B. self-sufficient agricultural estates.
C. global trade.
D. stock markets.
B. self-sufficient agricultural estates.
24. During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church—
A. had significant influence over European society.
B. controlled China.
C. promoted democracy.
D. led the Industrial Revolution.
A. had significant influence over European society.
29. Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church by—
A. supporting indulgences.
B. posting the Ninety-Five Theses.
C. leading the Crusades.
D. creating Islam.
B. posting the Ninety-Five Theses.
46. The Treaty of Versailles placed blame for World War I on—
A. Britain.
B. France.
C. Germany.
D. Russia.
C. Germany.
5. Which feature was a major characteristic of Athenian democracy?
A. Rule by emperors
B. Participation of male citizens in government
C. Military dictatorship
D. Rule by priests
B. Participation of male citizens in government
10. Confucianism influenced China by emphasizing—
A. individual freedom.
B. social order and respect for authority.
C. monotheism.
D. military conquest.
B. social order and respect for authority.
15. Which of the following is one of the Five Pillars of Islam?
A. Baptism
B. Pilgrimage to Mecca
C. Reincarnation
D. Communion
B. Pilgrimage to Mecca
20. The Magna Carta limited the power of the—
A. pope.
B. emperor.
C. king.
D. parliament.
C. king.
25. The Renaissance is known as a period of—
A. cultural rebirth and learning.
B. global warfare.
C. feudal decline.
D. colonization.
A. cultural rebirth and learning.
30. The Protestant Reformation resulted in—
A. religious divisions in Europe.
B. the fall of Rome.
C. the Industrial Revolution.
D. the Cold War.
A. religious divisions in Europe.
47. The rise of Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini is associated with—
A. democracy.
B. totalitarianism.
C. feudalism.
D. constitutional monarchy.
B. totalitarianism.
31. European exploration was motivated by a desire for—
A. gold, glory, and God.
B. isolation.
C. democracy.
D. industrial jobs.
A. gold, glory, and God.
32. The Columbian Exchange involved the transfer of—
A. ideas only.
B. goods, plants, animals, and diseases.
C. religions only.
D. military alliances.
B. goods, plants, animals, and diseases.
33. Mercantilism encouraged nations to—
A. import more than they exported.
B. accumulate wealth through trade.
C. eliminate colonies.
D. avoid overseas trade.
B. accumulate wealth through trade.
34. The Scientific Revolution challenged—
A. traditional beliefs and authority.
B. exploration.
C. trade networks.
D. democracy.
A. traditional beliefs and authority.
35. Isaac Newton is best known for developing the—
A. heliocentric theory.
B. law of universal gravitation.
C. printing press.
D. telescope.
B. law of universal gravitation.
36. Enlightenment thinkers believed government should—
A. protect natural rights.
B. be controlled by kings only.
C. avoid constitutions.
D. eliminate freedoms.
A. protect natural rights.
48. A major outcome of World War II was—
A. creation of the United Nations.
B. fall of the Byzantine Empire.
C. beginning of the Renaissance.
D. end of nationalism
A. creation of the United Nations.
37. The American Revolution was influenced by the idea of—
A. divine-right monarchy.
B. natural rights.
C. communism.
D. imperialism.
B. natural rights.
38. A major cause of the French Revolution was—
A. economic inequality and high taxes.
B. industrialization.
C. nationalism in Germany.
D. the Cold War
A. economic inequality and high taxes.
39. Napoleon spread revolutionary ideas by—
A. conquering much of Europe.
B. supporting feudalism.
C. leading the Crusades.
D. promoting isolation.
A. conquering much of Europe.
40. The Industrial Revolution led to—
A. urbanization and factory production.
B. the decline of technology.
C. the end of trade.
D. fewer inventions.
A. urbanization and factory production.
41. European imperialism was motivated by—
A. economic gain and national power.
B. isolationism.
C. religious tolerance only.
D. democratic reforms.
A. economic gain and national power.
42. The Berlin Conference affected Africa by—
A. allowing Africans to divide territory.
B. dividing Africa among European powers.
C. creating independent nations.
D. ending imperialism.
B. dividing Africa among European powers.
49. The Cold War was primarily a conflict between—
A. France and Germany.
B. Britain and India.
C. United States and Soviet Union.
D. China and Japan.
C. United States and Soviet Union.