Types of Cells
Bacteria are classified as what type of cells?
Prokaryotic
Which organelle is involved in cell transport?
Cell membrane
How many cells do we end up with at the end of Mitosis? Are they identical?
2. Yes
What are the four bases of DNA and how do they pair up?
A pairs with T
C pairs with G
What letters do we use to symbolize dominant and recessive traits?
Dominant : capital
Recessive: lower case
What type of cells have a large vacuole that holds water and contains a chloroplast to make energy?
Plant cell
The movement of materials that requires energy is called?
Active transport
What does the cell have to do before it divides?
Has to make a copy of its DNA
Translate this strand of DNA to MRNA:
ATTCGATC
UAAGCUAG
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype: organism's genes
Phenotype: organism's physical traits
What is one difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus
Prokaryotes do not have organelles
Osmosis is the movement of ____ across the cell membrane?
Water
In what phase of the cell cycle does the cell replicate its DNA?
S phase
What amino acid is produced from this DNA strand?
ATG
ATG -> UAC -> Tyr
Black hair (B) is dominant to blonde (b). Parent 1 is Heterozygous for this trait. Parent 2 is Homozygous recessive for this trait. Give the alleles that represent each parent
Parent 1: Bb
Parent 2: bb
What are 2 things that prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
DNA, Ribosomes, Cell membrane, Cytoplasm
Describe diffusion
Particles moving across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration
In what phase does the cell spend most of its life in?
Interphase
What type of mutation has occurred here?
TAT CGA AAG
TAT CCA AAG
Point mutation: Substitution
Two parents have brown eyes (Bb). What is the chance their baby will have blue eyes?
25% chance
What are 2 differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall
Animal cells have mitochondria, Plant cells have chloroplast
If there is a higher concentration of salt outside the call than inside of the cell, in what direction will water move?
Water moves out of the cell
What are the 4 phases of Mitosis in order?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
How has the mutation affected the amino acids produced?
AAT CGA AGC -> AAT TCG AAG C
leu ala ser -> leu ser phe
Curly hair (H) is dominant to strait hair (h). One parent is homozygous dominant for this trait and the other is homozygous recessive. What is the percentage that their child will have straight hair?
0% chance