Generalization
Varying non-critical features of the teaching environment is one way to promote generalization. This strategy is referred to as:
A. Using indisrciminable contingencies
B. Teaching loosely
C. Contriving a mediating stimulus
D. General case analysis
What is teaching loosely
When a behavior occurs for varying amounts of time, and when resources are available to utilize continuous measurement, the best measure to select is:
A. Frequency
B. Percentage of opportunities
C. Partial interval recording
D. Duration
What is duration
Which of the following is true regarding the implementation of the ABLLS-R to assess a learner’s language?
A. The ABLLS-R should be administered across several, brief sessions
B. The implementation of the ABLLS must be overseen by a Board Certified Behavior Analyst®
C. The ABLLS-R is most appropriate and should be used only for clients receiving early intervention services
D. Whenever possible, the entire assessment should be conducted in one session to control for potential extraneous variables
What is the ABLLS-R should be administered across several, brief sessions
Ana is writing a plan for a behavioral excess that has been identified as a socially significant target for one of her clients. She takes great care to operationally define the behavior in an objective, clear, complete manner. She also very objectively and clearly describes each step that should be included in the implementation of the plan. Ana’s actions in writing her definitions and plans so precisely keep her in line with the _____ dimension of ABA.
A. Analytic
B. Technological
C. Replication
D. Behavioral
What is technological
Brody is a 6-year old learning to play hockey. In practice, Brody has learned how to shoot the puck into the net by using his “forehand” (i.e. using the front side of the blade of the stick). In his first game, Brody finds himself with the puck on his “backhand” (i.e. the back side of the blade of his stick) for the first time, and fires it hard at the net, scoring his first goal! Which of the following is exemplified in this scenario?
A. Stimulus prompting
B. Response prompting
C. Stimulus generalization
D.Response generalization
What is response generalization
Which of the following is an example of a stimulus prompt?
A. Using a physical prompt to guide a learner through the correct steps of folding laundry
B. Manipulating the size of the materials to help occasion the correct response in a receptive language training program
C. Providing a model for the learner to observe before engaging in the response
D. Posting written step-by-step instructions for how to wash one's hands in the bathroom
What is manipulating the size of the materials to help occasion the correct response in a receptive language training program
Anna and Ben are twin 10-year-old children. One Saturday morning, Anna is getting ready to go to a friend's birthday party and Ben comes in and starts throwing toys all over the floor. Anna pushes him down to the ground. The twins' father comes in the room, sees Ben on the ground, and promptly tells Anna that she is no longer allowed to attend her friend's birthday party that afternoon. Going forward, any time Ben comes in and makes a mess in Anna's room, Anna walks out of the room and finds one of her parents for help.
With regard to Anna's behavior of pushing Ben, what principle of behavior is in effect?
A. Positive punishment
B. Negative reinforcement
C. Negative punishment
D. Extinction
What is negative punishment
Which of the following exemplifies the applied dimension of ABA best?
A. Utilizing the basic principles of ABA in program design
B. Selecting target behaviors and interventions that are meaningful and acceptable to the client and other relevant stakeholders
C. Carefully monitoring data to ensure behavior is changing in an optimal way
D.Manipulating the environment to search for functional relations
What is selecting target behaviors and interventions that are meaningful and acceptable to the client and other relevant stakeholders
Mandy is learning how to withdraw money from an ATM. Her teacher has created a laminated card listing the steps she needs to successfully withdraw money from her account. Mandy keeps this card in her wallet and is taught to use the card to help increase independence with this skill. This generalization strategy is known as:
A. Using reinforcers that exist in the natural environment
B. Training multiple exemplars
C. Sequential modification
D. Contriving a mediating stimulus
What is contriving a mediating stimulus
Luke is a BCBA® who has designed an intervention to decrease one of his client’s off topic commenting. He would like to utilize an ABA design to evaluate the effects of the intervention. He begins by gathering baseline data and determines that the off topic commenting is occurring an average of 17 times per session. He implements his intervention, and occurrences drop to an average of 2 times per session. Which of the following would be an appropriate next step for Luke with this ABA design?
A. Luke should keep the intervention in place as it has resulted in a decrease in the behavior
B. Luke should withdraw the intervention and discontinue data collection
C. Luke should slowly fade the intervention out until it is completely removed
D. Luke should withdraw the intervention but continue to measure the behavior
What is Luke should withdraw the intervention but continue to measure the behavior
Renee has a drawer in her kitchen which she refers to as the “junk drawer”. This drawer contains about 7 different chargers to various devices in Renee’s home. Also in this drawer is an MP3 player that Renee used to use to listen to music that she would like to give to her daughter. Unfortunately, the MP3 player is dead and needs to be charged in order for Renee’s daughter to use it. When Renee first thought about gifting this MP3 player, she searched the junk drawer and tried every charger she could find to charge the battery on the MP3 player. None of them worked, so she threw everything back in the drawer. The next day, she tried again with the same result. This process continued for about a week, with Renee growing increasingly frustrated. Eventually, Renee stopped trying. The MP3 player and all of the chargers have remained untouched, in the back of the junk drawer, for several months now.
Which of the following is exemplified in the scenario above?
A. Negative punishment
B. Positive punishment
C. Negative reinforcement
D. Extinction
What is extinction
Behavior analysts rely on objective observation and data to make sense of the world. Which philosophical assumption of science does this describe?
A. Experimentation
B. Empiricism
C. Determinism
D. Applied
What is empiricism
When beginning receptive language training with a client, one decision a BCBA® must make is the stimuli to be included in the training. Which of the following training sets would be best most appropriate to utilize initially in receptive language training?
A. A bird, a fish and a pig because the stimuli all look and sound very different from one another
B. A hairbrush, a toothbrush, and a comb because the client is also working on daily living skills
C. A beagle, a Labrador retriever, a pug and a great dane, because the client loves dogs
D. A cat, a hat, and a mat because they sound similar but look different
What is a bird, a fish and a pig because the stimuli all look and sound very different from one another
An RBT® is running a listener responding program with one of her clients. The client has been working on this skill for several months and is making very little progress. When the BCBA® comes to observe, she notices that the client is almost always selecting the picture placed on the right hand side of the array of two pictures on the desk. Which of the following terms may explain why the client is doing this?
A. Stimulus generalization
B. Response generalization
C. Stimulus prompting
D. Faulty stimulus control
What is faulty stimulus control
Brian’s dog has been barking constantly at every bird and squirrel he sees when looking outside. This has been really disruptive for Brian, who works from home full time. Every morning when the dog engages in this barking behavior, Brian opens the door to let the dog out and the dog sprints out to door towards the small animals in the yard, providing some peace and quiet for Brian to get started with his workday.
With regard to Brian’s behavior in this scenario, what basic behavioral principle is exemplified?
A. Negative reinforcement
B. Positive punishment
C. Negative punishment
D. Positive reinforcement
What is negative reinforcement
In behavior analysis, we seek to identify causal relations between behavior and the environment. We do this, because we believe in the philosophical assumption of ______.
A. Replication
B. Empiricism
C. Analytic
D. Determinism
What is determinism
A stimulus in the presence of which a response has not resulted in reinforcement is known as a:
A. S-delta
B. Sr+
C. Sd
D. MO
What is S-delta
Which of the following measures is NOT appropriate for free operant behaviors:
A. Interresponse time
B. Frequency
C. Rate
D. Percentage of opportunities
What is percentage of oppportunities
Which of the following is an example of a variable interval schedule of reinforcement?
A. Providing reinforcement for every 5th response
B. Providing reinforcement after approximately 5 responses
C. Providing reinforcement for the first instance of behavior that occurs after an average of 5 minutes
D. Providing reinforcement for the first instance of behavior that occurs after each 5 minute interval
What is providing reinforcement for the first instance of behavior that occurs after an average of 5 minutes
Jessica is teaching her son to tie his shoes. She begins by tying the shoe for him, leaving the last step of pulling the loops to be completed by her son. Once he is reliably doing that, Jessica completes all steps of the shoe tying process except for the last two, which her son completes. She continues this process until her son is successfully tying his shoes.
What type of intervention is Jessica utilizing?
A. Chaining with a limited hold
B. Forward chaining
C. Shaping
D. Backward chaining