Supply Chain 1
the complete sequence of suppliers and activities that contribute to the creation and delivery of goods and services
What is a supply chain
the individuals and organizations who manage the flow of product from producers to consumers
What are distribution channels
a marketing tactic in which a producer establishes direct sales contact with its product’s final users
What is direct selling
seeks to distribute a product through all available retailers in a trade area
What is intensive distribution
the price of one nation’s currency in terms of another country’s currency
What is exchange rate
a third-party person or company who represents the producer to wholesalers and retailers
What is a sales-agent
the process of combining several unitized loads into a single, well-protected load
What is containerization
an organization that operates between producers and consumers to help bring the product to market
What is a marketing intermediary
when a firm chooses only a limited number of retailers in a market area to handle its line
What is selective distribution
when a producer sells to only a small number of retailers or grants exclusive rights to a wholesaler or retailer to sell its products in a specific geographic region
What is exclusive distribution
marketing intermediary who takes title to the goods, stores them in warehouses, and distributes them to retailers, other distributors, and sometimes end consumers
What is a wholesaler
a tiny chip with identification information that can be read by a radio frequency scanner from a distance, making tracking easier
What is an RFID chip
when a producer assumes control over functions that were previously handled by an intermediary
What is vertical integration
the management of finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service
What is downstream management
when the production of goods or services is assigned to local companies
What is subcontracting
the management of raw materials, inbound logistics, and warehouse and storage facilities
What is upstream management
the movement of products through two or more channels to reach the firm’s target market
What is dual distribution
channels designed to return goods to their producers
What are reverse channels
disagreements among channel members at different levels
What is vertical conflict
the underlying foundation for modern life that includes transportation, communications, banking, utilities, and public services
What is infrastructure
AKA palletizing, combines as many packages as possible into each load that moves within or outside a facility
What is unitizing
utilizing a combination of transport modes to improve customer service and achieve cost advantages
What is intermodal operations
disagreements among channel members at the same level, such as two or more wholesalers or retailers
What is horizontal conflict
the number or percentage of intermediaries (usually retailers) through which a manufacturer distributes its goods in a particular market
What is distribution intensity
an integrated software package that consolidates data from among the firm’s units
What is an Enterprise Resource Planning ERP system