Skeletal System
Is the coxal bone part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?
Appendicular
What are muscle cells called?
Muscle fibers
What type of joint has a fluid-filled cavity?
Synovial
How do muscles maintain body temperature?
ATP is used (which is exothermic) when muscles contract.
What type of bone has a large surface area for muscle attachment?
flat bone
What connects muscles to bones?
Tendon
What is the prime mover in inspiration?
Diaphragm
Which joints are functionally classified as synathrosis?
Fibrous
Why is the nervous system critical for muscle contractions?
Because skeletal muscles only contract voluntarily and they are excitable cells, so they must be signaled by the nervous system to be stimulated.
Which type of bone are most limb bones classified as?
Long bone
What are the ankle bones called?
Tarsals
What are the antagonists of the quadriceps?
Hamstrings
What type of joint that allows for supination and pronation?
Name three ways muscles can increase contraction force.
1. increase frequency of motor neuron stimulation
2. increase the number of motor units stimulated
3. Increase the bulk of muscle fibers
What type of bone is the coxal bone?
Irregular bone
Which leg bone stabilizes the ankle?
Fibula
What type of contraction is caused by a single stimulus?
Twitch
Which joint allows for the most maneuverability?
Ball and Socket
Explain the sliding filament model.
Muscles contract because sarcomeres contract.
Sarcomeres contract when the heads of myosin filaments can grab the thinner actin filaments and pull them to slide past each other.
This causes the filaments to overlap more and the sarcomere to shorten
What type of bone has approximately the same width, length, and height?
Short bone
The ____ provides flexibility but _____ is sturdier.
(Use the words pelvic and pectoral)
The pectoral girdle provides flexibility but the pectoral girdle is studier.
What are the specialized organelles in muscle fibers?
Myofibrils and myofilaments
What type of joint makes your thumb opposable?
Saddle
Why do muscle cells need an abundance of Mitochondria?
Because cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria and muscle contractions require lots of energy so our muscle cells need to be able to constantly breakdown sugars for ATP, when needed.
What type of bone is represented by the wrist bone?
Short bone