Supreme Court Terms
This means to base a decision on a previous case
Precedent
The 1st Amendment Gurantees these freedoms
Speech, Religion, Petition, Press, Assembly
What protections does the 4th Amendment Grant?
Protects against unreasonable search and seizures
What protection does the 8th Amendment Grant?
Against cruel and unusal punishment?
Explain the precedent established by Miranda
"Miranda Rights" were established meaning if you are arrested, police MUST state you have the right to remain silent, right to an attorney, and if he could not afford an attorney, one was to be appointed for you.
The branch interprets the Constitution
Judicial
This is a clause in 1st Amendment that states the government can't force you to follow a religion
Establishment Clause
This is the policy that evidence that is not obtained legally can be taken out during a trial
Exclusionary Rule
What Rights does the 15th Amendment Grant?
The amendment was designed to guarantee that the right to vote could not be denied based on race, allowing African American men to vote and hold office for the first time.
Explain the precedent established by Gideon
This means a change in the Constitution.They are numbered
1,2,3 all the way to 27
Amendment
This is a clause in the 1st Amendment that states that the government can't stop your from practicing YOUR religion
Free Exercise Clause
Explain the difference between reasonable suspicion and probable cause
Reasonable Suspicion- a person could infer that a crime is happening but it's not explicit, this evidence is usually inadmissble
Probable Cause- a person would explictly see a crime is being committed or has been committed, this evidence is usually admissble
What precedent did Atkins v. Virginia set?
Different guidelines need to be set for punishing people with disabilities.
Which amendment applies to Miranda?
5th amendment
The highest court in the U.S
The Supreme Court
What precedent did Engle v. Vitale set as it relates to religion in schools?
Public Schools Officials can't conduct prayers, even if it's voluntary
What was the siginficance of Mapp v. Ohio?
It created the exclusionary rule
Explain how the VRA relates to the 15th Amendment
The VRA ensures that the 15th amendment is enforced.
Which amendment applies to Gideon?
6th Amendment
What is the 2nd Amendment?
Right to bear arms
What precedent did Tinker v. Des Moines set as it relates to speech in schools?
Students can wear symbols as a form of free speech as long as it does not promote illegal activity, does not threaten safety and does not disrupt learning.
What precdent did TLO v. New Jersey set?
The school acts in place of a person, therefore, they could search someone based on reasonable suspicion.
Shelby v. Holder took out the precelarance requirement which stated that states and localities with a history of discrimination had to have their election laws reviewed by the Federal Government. Meaning that the VRA has less oversight.
Explain the precdent established by Vega v. Tekoh (2023)
You can't sue someone for damages (money) for not informing them of their Miranda Rights