Any ol' random one
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The U.S. Supreme Court declared that state courts had no jurisdiction to free federal prisoners, reversing a decision of the Wisconsin State Supreme Court. Sherman M. Booth had been convicted in federal court of rescuing a fugitive slave. Because states have no jurisdiction in this matter, the federal government rearrested and imprisoned Booth.
What is Abelman v. Booth?
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that slaves returning to Kentucky from Ohio had to be governed by Kentucky law.
What is Stater v. Graham?
The U.S. Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional to exclude blacks from jury duty. The ruling was based on the Fourteenth Amendment.
What is Strauder v. West Virginia?
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation in bus terminals servicing interstate passengers was a violation of the Interstate Commerce Act.
What is Boynton v. Virginia?
The U.S. Supreme Court declared that blacks were not citizens of the United States, thus upholding the Fugitive Slave Law and further denying Congress the power to prohibit slavery in any federal territory.
What is Dred Scott v. Stanford?
The U.S. Supreme Court declared that "racially restricted covenants" in property deeds are unenforceable. In this case, the "covenants" were terms of obligations in property deeds that limited property rights to Caucasians, excluding member of other races.
What is Shelly v. Kraemer?
This decision declared the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of "separate but equal" unconstitutional. This court case was composed of Five cases from Delaware, Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia and Washington D.C. In addition, it included almost 200 plaintiffs, community activists, and dozens of attorneys. But, when the final decision was given by Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Court unanimously declared "separate educational facilities were inherently unequal" had no place in education
What is Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas?
The U.S. Supreme Court declared that it was illegal for whites to bar African Americans from white neighborhoods. The case involved a
wealthy real estate broker, Carl Hansberry of Chicago, who moved his family to an all white neighborhood. Lorraine Hansberry wrote about her family's experiences in her powerful play--A Raisin in the Sun.
What is Hansberry v. Lee?
The U.S. Supreme Court upheld segregation laws by deciding that "separate but equal" doctrine should be followed in cases pertaining to American blacks. The Court noted: "If one race be inferior to the other socially, the Constitution of the United States cannot put them upon the same plane."
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
The U.S. Supreme Court declared that once a black student was admitted to a previously all-white school, there could be no distinction made on the basis of race. The Court recognized that segregation was a handicap to African American students and that "all graduate school racial segregation is invalid." In essence, the Court declared that racial segregation within higher education
institutions was illegal.
What is McLaurin v. Oklahoma Board of regiments?
The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the NAACP allegation that segregated graduate schools were unconstitutional and against the "equal protection clause" of the Fourteenth Amendment. The case came from the actions of the Texas Legislature that had hastily funded a black law school at Texas Southern to avoid desegregating the University of Texas Law School. The Court ordered the black law
student (Herman Sweatt) be admitted to the University of Texas Law School but did not, however, strike down the doctrine of "separate but equal"--a doctrine that had to wait another four years for Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas.
What is Sweatt v. Painter?
U.S. Supreme Court decided that "the 15th Amendment to the Constitution does not confer the right of suffrage" but only allows the government to provide a punishment for denying the vote to anyone based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
What is United States v. Reese?
The U.S. Supreme Court declared that setting unequal salaries for blacks and white teachers was unconstitutional. This decision formed the basis for a series of suits filed by the NAACP throughout the country to eliminate the wage differential between teachers of
different races.
What is Gibbs vs. Board of Education of Montgomery County, Maryland?
The U.S. Supreme Court reversed a previous ruling of the U.S. Court of Appeals on January 22, by ruling that discrimination in Washington, D.C. restaurants was illegal. It ruled 8-0 that "restaurants could not legally refuse to serve "well-behaved and respectable" black patrons. This decision was the result of protests led by activist Mary Church Terrell
What is District of Columbia v. John R. Thompson Co., Inc.?
The U.S. Supreme Court declared unconstitutional the Louisiana and Kentucky ordinances requiring blacks to live in certain sections of the city. All city "segregation ordinances" mandating that blacks and whites reside on separate streets and blocks were declared unconstitutional.
What is Buchanan v. Warley?
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a law school's limited "affirmative action" use of race in admissions is constitutional.
What is Grutter v. Bollinger?
The U.S. Supreme court overturned a Louisiana Law of 1869 that prohibited racial segregation on public careers. The Court noted, "If the public good requires such legislation, it must come from Congress and not from the states." In effect, the plaintiff, a black woman, was held to have no right to get cabin space on a Mississippi steamboat plying from New Orleans, LA to Vicksburg, MS. In 1883, the Court reverses this decision.
What is Hall v. De Cur?