History of Micro
He was the first to propose the germ theory of disease in the late 1800s, stating that infectious disease is caused by microorganisms:
Who is Louis Pasteur
In this symbiotic relationship, one organism uses another to meet its physiological needs but causes no harm to the host:
What is Commensalism
This is an anaerobic bacteria that causes rapid tissue death in deep wounds. Although rare, it does occur and can cause gas gangrene.
What is Clostridium Perfringens
Passive Transport involves these two processes:
What are Diffusion and Osmosis
Microbes that live on the skin and inside the human body, are referred to as:
What is Indigenous Microflora
Bacteria move using a number of different mechanisms, but these two are the most common:
What are Flagella and Pili
Also known as Mad Cow Disease:
What is Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
He was able to prove the germ theory by colonizing bacteria into mice to demonstrate that the bacilli were in fact the case of anthrax:
Who is Robert Koch
Organisms that cause infectious disease are called:
What are Pathogens
This is a lethal pathogen that causes surgical site infections. It spreads via the lymphatic system to other sites, causing an anaerobic infection and tissue death. Burn patients are particularly vulnerable to this infection. Most commonly spread by direct transmission from a contaminated surface.
What is Streptococcus Pyogenes
Bacteria can be classified according to their shape, and can take the form of:
Rod-shaped bacteria, which are called Bacilli, curved or spiral-shaped bacteria, which are called Spirochetes, and spherical bacteria (round) are called Cocci.
This test is routinely performed to differentiate bacteria into two primary groups, gram-positive and gram-negative.
What is Gram Staining
Oxygen requirements can vary widely. Some require oxygen to live and grow and are called:
What is Aerobes
This is when hair removal should take place:
What is immediately before the procedure
In the mid 1600s, this guy is credited with observing fungal growth:
Who is Robert Hooke
This relationship is one in which the organism that live within another organism gains an advantage at the expense or harm of that organism:
What is Parasitic
This is found in the normal GI tract and in sewage, dirt, and water. It has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen in hospitalized patients. It can infect nearly all body systems. Especially prevalent in burn patients who lack healthy skin as a barrier against it. Highly resistant to antibiotics.
What is Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Prokaryotic organisms (no nucleus) that live in harsh environments consisting of high acidity, high levels of salt, and high temperatures.
What is Archaea
Cellular organisms are divided into two types:
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Examples of Parasites include:
What are roundworms, ringworms, tapeworms, and pinworms,
Inanimate objects that may contain infectious microorganisms including walls, floors, cabinets, furniture, and equipment:
What are Fomites
He is credited with creating a microscope through which he was able to view and provide written descriptions of bacteria, fungi, and protozoa that he initially called animalcules:
Who is Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
In this symbiotic relationship, each of the organisms benefit from their relationship:
What is Mutualism
This is a spore forming bacteria that causes severe diarrhea. Strict hand-washing helps control the spread.
Clostridium difficile
Active Transport involves these two processes:
What are Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis
This technique is used primarily for the identification of mycobacterium organisms, especially tuberculosis
What is Acid Fast Staining
This type of bacteria can live with or without oxygen:
What is Facultative
This type of immunity develops when the body receives the specific disease antibodies from an outside source. This eliminates the need for the body to synthesize them. It is temporary. An example would be when the mother breast feeds, the infant receives antibodies from the mother’s immune system.
What it Passive Immunity
He is credited with establishing the specialty area of bacteriology and contributing to the term bacillus to differentiate rod-shaped bacteria from organisms of other forms:
Who is Ferdinand Cohn
The relationship between human hosts and indigenous microflora is called:
What is symbiosis
This is a type of bacteria carried by species of ticks, mites, and fleas, transmitted through a skin bite. Causes fever including rocky mountain spotted fever.
What is Rickettsiae
Cells absorb molecules and other substances across their outside membranes and synthesize others from substances inside the cell. The movement of substances occurs by two different methods called:
Active and Passive Transport
This is the basic unit of a living organism:
The Cell
These cause a wide variety of diseases, characterized by destruction of the host cells by ingestion. They are also able to resist or avoid many of the body’s defenses by changing the antigens on their surface by ingesting the immune complement of the cell, thereby disabling it. Malaria is the most significant:
What are Protozoa
Vaccinations provide this type of immunity:
What is Adaptive Immunity