Breakdancing Across the Earth
Define weathering and erosion
Weathering-break down of rocks into sediments
Erosion- the transportation of sediments
What velocity must a stream be moving at to carry a sediment that is 1.0 cm in diameter?
Over 5 km/h
What does the word infiltrate mean?
What is water moving from the surface into the ground.
What is a glacier made of?
snow that is compacted into ice masses
Eroded materials are dropped in another location.
What is deposition?
What are the two types of weathering? Describe them.
Physical weathering- the breaking down of rocks without changing chemical composition
Chemical weathering- the breaking down of rocks with a change in the chemical composition
What effects do the slope and volume of a stream have on its velocity and ability to transport sediment? (must include all above factors in answer)
If the slope and volume both increase, then the stream´s velocity will also increase which will allow it to transport larger, heavier sediments.
Explain what will make the water table rise?
What is, more precipitation, more infiltration of groundwater, more permeable soil, etc.
What are the two types of glaciers and where are they found?
Continental (ice sheets)- high latitudes
Alpine- high elevations
The volume of stream water that flows past a certain point every second.
What is discharge?
Give 1 example of both types of weathering
Physical- frost action, abrasion, plant action, exfoliation, etc.
Chemical- oxidation (Copper/Iron), hydration (Feldspars), solution weathering (Limestone, Marble, etc)
Daily Double! Wager any of your points
Draw a meander in a stream. Explain what is happening on the outside vs the inside of the meander. (must include velocity and resulting action)
When a lot of water is drawn from a well and lowers the surrounding water table.
What is the cone of depression?
List and describe 2 features made by both type of glacier
Continental- striations, erratics, moraines, drumlins, outwash plain, esker, etc.
Alpine- cirque, horn, arete, moraines, u shape valley, etc.
This type of sedimentary rock is prone to chemical weathering.
What is limestone? (because it is made of Calcite)
The type of climate needed for the most chemical weathering to take place.
What is a warm and wet climate?
Draw how sediments will be deposited when a river flows into an ocean. Explain (must include velocity and energy)
Sediments are deposited in horizontal sorting. Larger sediments are dropped first due to the rivers loss of energy and slower velocity. Smaller seds are carried out farther.
Daily Double! Wager any of your points.
Describe the relationship between sediment size and permeability.
Material called Glacial Till
What are unsorted sediments deposited by a glacier?
What is a characteristic of a mature river vs a young river? Give one for each.
Mature: meanders, wide floodplains, low velocity, lateral erosion, etc.
Young: straight, fast, v-shaped valleys, vertical erosion, etc.
What happens to weathering when rock is fractured? Explain why.
Rate of weathering increases because surface area has increased. The area that was once inside the rock is now an exposed surface.
The discharge of a stream with a velocity of 8 m/s and width of 400m.
What is 502,400 m3/s?
Which will be more permeable, glacial outwash or moraine till? Explain.
Outwash, because it is sorted. Water can get through the sediments easier because there are no smaller sediments to "clog" the pore spaces.
Two pieces of evidence that the Shuswap was once covered by a glacier.
What are U-shaped valleys, Finger Lakes, Striations, Roche Moutonnees, rounded mountain tops, etc.
Two ways to prevent landslides.
What are bolting, barriers and retaining walls, drainage pipes, terracing the slope to reduce the steepness of the cuts, and immediate revegetation.