Anesthesia Foundations
This reversible state includes unconsciousness, immobility, muscle relaxation, and loss of sensation throughout the body.
What is general anesthesia?
History and signalment, a physical assessment, and preanesthetic diagnostics make up this three-part database.
What is the Minimum Patient Database or MPD?
These long, thin scissors are reserved for delicate soft-tissue dissection and should never be used to cut suture or drapes.
What are Metzenbaum scissors?
This item is placed in the center of a pack to verify that sterilizing conditions reached the interior.
What is an internal chemical indicator or sterilometer strip?
Unlike true sterility, this surgically clean state means pathogenic microorganisms have been eliminated but living tissue is not absolutely microorganism-free.
What is surgical asepsis?
Throughout the surgical scrub and rinse, the hands stay above this body landmark so contaminated water moves away from the hands.
What are the elbows?
This specific stage of general anesthesia provides enough analgesia and muscle relaxation to eliminate pain and movement during surgery.
What is surgical anesthesia?
A healthy young dog presented for an elective neuter belongs in this ASA physical-status class.
What is PS1 or ASA1?
Unlike a Mayo-Hegar, this needle holder has built-in scissors immediately behind its jaws.
What is an Olsen-Hegar needle holder?
When assembling a surgical pack, instruments should be arranged in this size order, with ring handles gathered on a spay hook or thumb forceps.
What is largest to smallest?
This professional commitment requires reporting and correcting every suspected break in sterile technique, even when no one else observed it.
What is surgical conscience?
When drying after the surgical scrub, move circumferentially in this one-way direction and never return to the hand with a used portion of the towel.
What is from fingers or hand toward the elbow?
A patient is calm, reluctant to move, aware of the surroundings, and seemingly indifferent to what is happening.
What is tranquilization?
This measurement must be current and accurate because anesthetic drug and fluid calculations are based directly on it.
What is body weight?
The serrations on this medium hemostat extend only across the distal half of its jaws.
What is a Kelly forceps or Kelly hemostat?
When opening an angle-wrapped sterile pack, the circulating nurse opens the flap farthest away first, then the sides, and this flap last.
What is the flap closest to them (and then steps back)?
Unscrubbed personnel should maintain at least this much clearance from every sterile boundary.
What is 1 foot?
The sterile portion of the gown front extends from chest level down to this height.
What is the level or height of the sterile operating table?
This approach combines smaller amounts of several drugs that act through different pathways to improve control and reduce individual drug doses.
What is balanced anesthesia?
Immediately before induction, the team must verbally confirm these three items to prevent wrong-patient and wrong-site errors.
What are patient identity, scheduled procedure, and correct surgical site?
During precleaning, instruments are rinsed with this temperature and type of water so blood proteins do not coagulate and minerals do not damage the steel.
What is cold distilled water?
Every sterilized pack at Mesa must be labeled with these three pieces of information.
What are the pack name, sterilization date, and technician initials?
When fluid soaks through a drape and forms a moisture bridge that carries microorganisms upward, this contamination has occurred.
What is strike-through contamination?
For closed gloving, the glove is positioned on the covered hand in this orientation before its cuff is pulled over the gown cuff.
What is palm-to-palm and thumb-to-thumb, with glove fingers pointing toward the elbow?
An anesthetized patient needs a dental nerve block to desensitize a larger, limited area supplied by a major nerve pathway.
What is regional anesthesia?
A 24-kg dog receives crystalloids at 5 mL/kg/hr through a 15-gtt/mL set. Give the hourly rate and the bedside drip rate.
What are 120 mL/hr and approximately 1 drop every 2 seconds?
Because its interlocking teeth crush tissue, this ring-handled forceps should be used only on tough tissue or an organ being removed.
What is an Allis tissue forceps?
A wrapped pack has black indicator stripes but is damp after autoclaving. This is the required next action.
What is treat it as contaminated and completely reprocess it?
Two scrubbed team members may change positions using either of these two passing methods.
What are face-to-face or back-to-back?
A scrubbed technician's gown becomes contaminated. Name the first safety action and the person who removes or unties the gown.
What are step away from the sterile field and have the circulating nurse remove or untie it?