Climate
This greenhouse gas accounts for roughly three‑quarters of global anthropogenic emissions
What is CO₂?
This global biodiversity framework adopted in 2022 includes the "30x30" conservation target.
What is the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework?
This waste hierarchy principle sits directly above “Recycle” in the standard 5R model.
What is Reuse?
This sustainability concept refers to the environmental impacts associated with extracting and processing raw materials before they become a product.
What is the material footprint?
This global climate target aims to keep long‑term warming “well below” a certain temperature threshold above pre‑industrial levels.
What is 2°C?
This concept captures the dependence of industries on nature’s contributions, such as water regulation and pollination.
What are ecosystem services?
This design strategy aims to keep products and components in circulation at their highest value state.
What is design for durability / design for circularity?
This ESG-related concept describes the financial risks companies face due to storms, heatwaves, floods, and other physical effects of climate change.
What are physical climate risks?
This climate forcing agent has a short atmospheric lifetime but a disproportionately high warming effect, making reduction efforts highly impactful.
What is methane?
This metric evaluates species extinction risk by assessing range size, population decline, and habitat fragmentation.
What is the Red List Index?
This business model allows customers to access a product without buying it, enabling companies to retain ownership and increase reuse opportunities.
What is product‑as‑a‑service (PaaS)?
This widely used metal is essential for electrification, especially in electric vehicles and power grids, due to its conductivity.
What is copper?
This sector produces the most amount of emissions globally
What is the energy sector
What is the term for an area of the planet both rich with life and at risk for destruction?
What is hotspot.
This indicator expresses how many times a material can go through recycling loops before losing functionality.
What is material circularity potential (MCI)?
This sustainability concept refers to the shared resources — like clean air, oceans, and a stable climate — that everyone depends on but no one owns.
What are the global commons?
This scientific indicator measures the remaining amount of CO₂ that can be emitted before global warming exceeds a specific temperature threshold.
What is the carbon budget?
These ecosystems store large amounts of carbon and support high levels of species richness, yet continue to be drained for agriculture, particularly in Southeast Asia.
What are peatlands?
This emerging waste stream from renewable energy technologies is estimated to reach 78 million tons by 2050 without circular interventions.
What is end‑of‑life solar PV waste?
This planetary process, linked to the breakdown of Earth’s regulatory systems, is triggered when the interactions among boundaries push ecosystems past safe operating limits.
What is Earth system feedback (or “cascading tipping points”)?