Rocks that are formed by HEAT and PRESSURE deep inside the Earth.
100
What are sediments?
Smaller pieces of rock that have been broken down and moved.
100
The process that changes rocks over long periods of time.
Rock Cycle
100
A solid, nonliving substance that occurs naturally in rocks.
(Hint: they are the building blocks of rocks)
What are minerals?
200
How does igneous rock form?
Underground igneous rocks form SLOWLY as magma cools.
AND
Above ground igneous rocks form QUICKLY as lava cools.
200
What is pressure?
Force that squeezes rocks together
200
What breaks down rocks to move the sediments?
Water, wind and ice
200
True or False
The rock cycle has a start and an end.
FALSE
The rock cycle is never ending
200
What is one way a scientist can identify two minerals that look alike but are different?
Color of the streak on a white tile
300
Where do igneous rocks have time to grow small?
Earth's surface
(Since lava cools quickly, grains do NOT have time to grow big.)
300
What two processes form metamorphic rocks?
Heat and Pressure
300
What happens when the wind and water slows down after moving the sediments?
The sediments:
1- falls to the surface
2- pile up in layers
3- get pressed together
300
What are the three types of rocks in the rock cycle?
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
300
What could you use to identify minerals?
Compare properties such as hardness and streak.
400
Where do igneous rocks have time to grow big?
Inside Earth's surface
(Since magma cools slowly, grains have time to grow big.)
400
How do mountains form?
When plates that make up the Earth's surface push together causing pressure.
400
Contrast how igneous and sedimentary rocks are formed?
Igneous rocks form when melted rock cools and sedimentary rocks form when sediments are cemented together in layers.
400
What types of rocks are formed by heat?
Metamorphic and igneous
400
When you rub a mineral across a white tile, the mineral leaves a ____________?
Streak
500
Magma that reaches the Earth's surface
What is Lava?
500
Explain heat and pressure in metamorphic rocks.
HEAT: When rock near the surface gets pushed down into the Earth's crust.
and
PRESSURE: Mountain building from the Earth's plates pushing towards each other.
500
How does sedimentary rock form?
1- Sediments pile up in layers
2- They get pressed together
3- Minerals are carried by water through the sediment
This process causes the layers to stick together and form a solid rock.
500
What rocks can be formed by pressure?
Metamorphic and sedimentary
500
How are rocks and minerals different?
A mineral is a solid substance that occurs naturally in rocks.
Rocks are made up of different minerals.