numbers
Stroke volume x Heart Rate Or
4-8 liters of blood ejected from the ventricle every minute
What is Cardiac Output?
2-6 mm Hg measured via PA proximal injectate lumen and is considered a measure of preload?
What is CVP or Right atrium pressure?
State of resistance in systemic vasculature
Calculated number to reflect afterload.
Normal is 800-1200
What is SVR?
An indirect measurement of LVEDP which can be estimated by the PAD and is normally 4-12
What is wedge or pulmonary occlusion pressure?
You do this after insertion, if you disconnect the cable from the monitor and when the waveform values do not fit the clinical picture at the phlebostatic axis
What is zero the transducer?
The volume of blood ejected with each contraction
Normal is 60-80 ml/beat
What is Stroke Volume?
Causes of increased CVP.
What are fluid overload,cardiac tamponade, right heart dysfunction or pulmonary issues?
Patient conditions where you will find a low SVR
What is Sepsis?
The place in the respiratory cycle where you read waveforms
What is end expiration?
This lumen should never be fast flushed for more than 2 seconds or when the balloon is inflated to prevent PA damage or rupture
What is distal lumen?
A calculated number for afterload and normal is 800-1200
What is SVR?
Causes of decreased CVP
What are dehydration and vasodilitation?
As body temperature increases and the patient vasodilates the SVR changes in this direction
What is decreases?
The test you do each shift and with any change of the waveform and after the system is open to air. this is an assessment to ensure that your waveform is accurate and includes two oscillations after a fast flush
What is square waveform test?
Vented caps should be removed and replaced with there upon setup. Replace with these every time a cap is removed.
What are new sterile caps?
the normal range for heart rate
What is 60-99?
Patient conditions that will have low CVP.
What are hypovolemia, hemorrhage,vasodilitation, sepsis etc?
Cardiac medications that will decrease afterload
What are Nipride, Nitroglycerin, Beta Blockers, Nicardipine and Ace inhibitors?
On the pulmonary artery waveform, this is what the dicrotic notch represents?
What is the closure of the pulmonic valve?
This should be printed and placed in chart at the start of every shift and with any change
What are PA pressure waveforms?
Hemodynamic numbers that equalize with cardiac tamponade
What is PAWP/PAD and CVP/RA?
this group of cardiac medications will lead to an increase preload when started
What are vasopressors?
Cardiac meds that increase afterload
What are vasopressors?
These two waveforms constitute a PA catheter emergency and require immediate intervention
What are RV and PAWP waveforms?
Until waveform changes with the maximum amount of 1.5 cc of air
How much air should you add to balloon for wedge pressure?