You want me to do what?
It's a numbers game
This or that
Not this again
Help is on the way!
100
When exercising, it is a good practice for patients with DM to do.
What is having carbohydrates readily available?
100
The range for normal blood glucose levels
What is 70 - 120 mg/dL?
100
Hungry, irritable, weak, headache, -ketones, >70mg/dL glucose reading
What are mild symptoms of hypoglycemia?
100
Released by the pancreas to help regulate blood glucose
What are insulin and glucagon?
100
Common causes include missed insulin doses, illness, new diagnosis of DM, and/or insulin administration errors.
What is DKA?
200
Management for moderate hypoglycemia when a patient is confused, tachycardic, and sweaty with -ketones.
What is give 30g of carbs, wait 15 minutes, and repeat if <70mg/dL or symptomatic.
200
At this level, the patient may exhibit symptoms of sweating, shakiness, confusion, & weakness.
What is hypoglycemia when glucose is < 70 mg/dL?
200
Required for T1DM to replace or mimic the body's natural basal and bolus release.
What is insulin?
200
These cells that produce glucagon, stimulate the liver to release stored glucose, and prevent hypoglycemia.
What are Alpha cells?
200
Management includes fluid replacement, electrolyte management, insulin therapy, and treatment of the underlying cause.
What are HHS and DKA?
300
Important health promotion & disease prevention
What is
1. Keeping BG within target ranges
2. Annual eye exams and kidney function assessment
3. Balanced diet and exercies
4. Foot care
300
At this level, the patient may exhibit signs of excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, & blurred vision.
What is hyperglycemia when blood glucose is >120mg/dL?
300
Your patient has warm, dry skin with decreased turgor, rapid respiration with foul breath, and positive urine ketones.
What are signs of hyperglycemia (blood glucose>180 mg/dL)?
300
Produced by beta cells to lower blood glucose levels and allow glucose to enter cells for energy.
What is Insulin? (Amylin is also produced by the beta cells)
300
Surgical option to restore normal glucose control
What is a pancreas transplant or an islet cell transplant?
400
These are known as sick day rules
What is
1. Do NOT stop taking DM medications
2. Check BG q 2-4hrs
3. Stay hydrated
4. Keep eating
5. Manage symptoms
6. Get plenty of rest
400
Postprandial Glycemic control targets values
What is <180mg/dL?
400
A gradual onset (days to weeks), blood glucose >600 mg/dL, and severe dehydration.
What is a typical presentation of HHS (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome)?
400
A cluster of conditions that increase the risk for heart disease, stroke, and T2D.
What is Metabolic Syndrome?
400
Recommended treatment for a patient with mild hypoglycemia who is hungry, irritable, and has a headache.
What is 15g of carbs; wait 15 minutes and repeat if BG is <70mg/dL or symptomatic?
500
Critical foot care instructions for diabetic patients.
What is
1. Do NOT walk around barefoot
2. Avoid applying hot items to your feet
3. Trim toenails straight with a nail clipper
4. Do NOT self-treat for feet: blisters, corns, sores, calluses, ingrown nails, bunions
5. Wash and inspect your feet daily
6. Change your cotton socks daily
7. Do NOT cross your legs or wear tight stockings
8. Buy proper fitting shoes that do not rub
500
3-month average glycemic control target test & value
What is an A1C value <7%?
500
It is known as the main cause of microvascular complications and allows the premature development of macrovascular complications.
What is Chroic hyperglycemia?
500
Characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
What is Type 1 diabetes?
500
Given in cases of severe hypoglycemia
What is glucagon?