Swimming Creatures

Lesson 1-2

100

What are nektonic animals? Give an example.

animals that swim

200

What are sessile animals? Give an example.

animals that stick themselves to one place and just sit there 

300

What are baleen? What is baleen used for and how is it used?

Curtain of long plates hanging from the whale's mouth that the whale uses to feed. The whale sucks water into its mouth, filters out larger creatures, and than uses its tongue to push water back out, retaining smaller creatures in its baleen

400

Whales belong in which order?

Cetacea 

500

Explain how a whale uses echolocation.

Toothed whales make special sounds that are sent out through the melon. The sounds bounce off things in the sea and come back to the whale. 

Lesson 3

100

Who belongs in order Pinnipedia?  

seas, seal lions, and walruses

200

What do pinnipeds eat? 

krill, crabs, clams, fish, squid, some eat penguins and other sea birds

300

What are rookeries? 

Breeding grounds for pinnipeds 

400

Up to how much can a walrus weigh?

 3,000 lbs

500

Who belongs in order Sirenia? 

manatees and dugongs

Lesson 4-6

100

Difference between a frog and toad?

Frogs have smooth, slimy skin, more dependent on wet skin than toads, need to be nearer to water

Toads have tougher skin, can live farther from the water

200

What are animals that lay eggs called? 

Oviparous 

300

What are the main differences between reptiles and amphibians?

Amphibians = jelly-like eggs that have to remain moist, generally attached together in clumps

New hatchlings look nothing like adults (go through series of changes 

Soft, moist skin

Reptiles= soft and leathery eggs

Hatchling is a miniature adult

Lay their eggs on dry land

Have dry scales on their skin

400

Who belongs in order Testudines? What is one thing that separates this animal from other reptiles?

turtles

its shell, also known as its carapace

500

What does it mean to be an ectothermic, oviparous vertebrate? Who belongs in this category?

temp from environment, lays eggs, has a backbone amphibians and reptiles

Lesson 6

100

What are the three main kinds of fish? Give an example of each

Bony fishes, cartilaginous fishes, jawless fishes

Bony = most common

Catilaginous = sharks and rays

Jawless = hagfish

200

What is an operculum?

The flap that covers the gillls of most bony fishes

300

What are ways that a fish defend themselves from predators? Name four.

Camouflage

Counter-shading

Advertising

Schools

400

What is a snake called when she lays eggs inside herself and then gives birth to live young?

Live young =  viviparous

Eggs = oviparous 

Eggs + live young = Ovoviviparous 

500

What are the five stages of development of most fishes?

Egg stage

Larval stage

Postlarval stage

Juvenile stage

Adult stage 

Lesson 7

100

What is a cartilaginous fish? Give an example.

Fish that have skeletons made out of cartilage instead of bone. Sharks, rays, agnathans.

200

What are some ways to avoid shark bites?

NO dead fish

No bright colors in water

Don't swim near dropoff

Don't make rapid movements

All else fails = hit shark in head and nostrils

300

Name differences between stingrays and manta rays. What stations are manta rays known to frequent?

-Size (mantas grow up to 22 ft. wide and 3,000 lbs.)

-Stinger

-Manta rays are filter feeders and frequent cleaning stations

400

Some sharks give birth to live young. What do other sharks do?

Some lay egg cases, called "mermaids' purses" in which the shark will develop. The egg case splits open, and the baby shark swims out.

500

What are the ampullae of Lorenzini? What are they used for?

The nerve receptors that sharks use to sense electricity in the water. A shark uses this more than sight to catch prey.