BIOSTA
Q: Statistical term for estimation of the probability of disease before testing
A: Pretest probability
Q: Diagnosis for isolated indirect hyperbilirubinemia and normal hemoglobin level
A: Gilbert disease
Q: Agent causing erythema infectiosum infection
A: Parvovirus B19
Q: Acid-base disorder associated with opioid overdose
A: Primary respiratory acidosis
Q: Most common presentation of bladder cancer
A: Painless hematuria
Q: The inverse of this measure is used to calculate the number needed to treat (NNT)
A: Absolute risk reduction
Q: Crohn disease most commonly involves this portion of the gastrointestinal tract
A: Small bowel
Q: Antibiotic treatment duration for Lyme arthritis in the absence of neurologic involvement
A: 28 days
Q: Class of medication shown to decrease urinary calcium and calcium oxalate kidney stone disease
A: Thiazide diuretics
Q: Recommended adjuvant therapy for stage 1 colon cancer
A: None
Q: A negative likelihood ratio of 0.2 decreases the probability of disease by approximately this amount
A: 30% (accept 0.30)
Q: Eponym for effort rupture of the esophagus
A: Boerhaave syndrome
Q: Two most common lethal complications of direct measles infection
A: Pneumonia and encephalitis
Q: Condition characterized by recumbent urine sample with a normal protein/creatinine ratio and an upright sample with an elevated ratio
A: Orthostatic proteinuria (accept postural proteinuria)
Q: Treatment for limited stage small cell lung cancer following complete response to induction therapy
A: Prophylactic cranial radiation
Q: Arithmetic operation used to combine 2 likelihood ratios of 2 independent findings for a disease
A: Multiply
Q: Two most common nonmucosal cutaneous manifestations of chronic inflammatory bowel disease
A: Erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum
Q: Two most common predisposing factors for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
A: Neutropenia and glucocorticoid use
Q: Patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis typically present with this syndrome
A: Nephrotic syndrome
Q: Treatment approach for locally advanced cervical cancer
A: Chemoradiation
Q: Case-control study variant that uses a specified number of control patients for analysis of each case
A: Nested case-control study
Q: Best test to diagnose oropharyngeal dysphagia
A: Videofluoroscopy of the oropharynx
Q: Therapy utilizing bacteria-specific viruses to treat bacterial infection
A: Phage therapy (accept bacteriophage therapy)
Q: Three clinical predictors of progression of IgA nephropathy
A: Elevated serum creatinine, hypertension, persistent proteinuria
Q: Class of immunotherapy drugs that disrupt signaling by malignant cells exposing them to attack by the immune system
A: Checkpoint inhibitors (accept immune checkpoint inhibitors or checkpoint inhibition)