Rules to check for validity
what is the first rule?
It has to have exactly 3 terms (middle, major, minor)
what is the definition of a minor term
the subject of the conclusion
The _____ term is the term that appears in each premise but not the conclusion
middle
All men are mortal
Socrates is a man
Socrates is mortal
valid
in an "All S is P" sentence, is the subject term distributed or undistributed?
distributed
what is the second rule?
It has to have 3 propositions
what is the definition of a major term?
the predicate of the conclusion
_____ syllogisms are structured properly
All mortal things are made of parts
man is made of parts
therefore man is mortal
invalid (breaks rule 3)
what does distributed mean?
refers to all members of its class
The middle term has to be distributed at least once
what is the first step when you identify terms?
identify the conclusion
_____ syllogism are both true and valid
sound
Birds are not fish
Humans are not fish
Humans are not birds
invalid (breaks rule 5)
who created syllogisms?
Bonus: who was he a student too?
Aristotle
Bonus: Pluto
true or false: if both premises are negative then the conclusion must be positive
false
This type of syllogism is accurate and correct in the world.
true syllogisms
Syllogisms- an argument whose conclusion is based on two or more ________
propositons
create your own valid syllogism
what act are you in when you make a conclusion from the propositions?
Act 3
what is one part (A or B) of rule four?
A- if a term is distributed in the conclusion, it must be distributed in the premise. B- if a term is undistributed in the premise, it must be undistributed in the conclusion.
what is the definition of a conclusion?
the final inference of the syllogism
In a "Some S is P" sentence, the predicate term is _______ (distributed or undistributed)
Distributed
create a syllogism (valid or invalid) about a thing you like about one of the people in our class. if it is invalid, correct it or state which rule/s it breaks
it better be nice 🤨
name at least 5 of the 6 rules to check for validity
1- 3 terms. 2- 3 propositions. 3- middle term=distributed once. 4- a- if a term is distributed in conc, it must be distributed in the premice. b- if a term is undistributed in premise, it must be undistributed in the conc. 5- no 2 negative premises. 6- if 1 premise is negative then the conc must be negative