Alcohol
Alcohol primarily affects these two neurotransmitter systems in the brain.
What are GABA and glutamate?
This neurotransmitter system is most strongly affected by cocaine.
What is dopamine?
Ketamine primarily affects this excitatory neurotransmitter system by blocking NMDA receptors in the brain.
What is glutamate?
LSD primarily affects this neurotransmitter system
What is the serotonergic neurotransmitter system?
SSRI stands for ___ and targets the ___ neurotransmitter system.
What are Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and the serotonergic neurotransmitter system?
Because alcohol slows brain activity, it is classified as this type of drug that can cause anxiety relief, muscle relaxation, and sleepiness.
What is a Central Nervous System depressant?
Cocaine use can cause these behavioral effects
What are euphoria, heightened arousal and energy, and decreased appetite?
Ketamine can produce these effects
What are dissociative effects such as altered perception and detachment?
Behavioral effects of LSD
What are strong emotions (intense happiness and a feeling of connectedness), fear, anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, and vivid memories?
SSRIs have this effect at the synapses.
What is increasing serotonin levels by blocking the transporter that reabsorbs serotonin into the presynaptic neuron?
Chronic heavy alcohol use can disrupt this body system.
What is the Endocrine system?
Cocaine use can lead to these serious health problems
What are disturbances in heart rhythm and heart attacks, headaches, seizures, stroke, coma, bleeding in the brain, abdominal pain, and nausea?
Low doses of ketamine are now used in medicine for the rapid treatment of this mood disorder.
What is major depressive disorder?
Some people claim that microdosing LSD can produce these benefits (debate II).
What are boosted creativity, focus, productivity, and cognition?
SSRI produces its effects in the brain by acting as this type of drug on serotonin receptors
What is a serotonin agonist?
The effect of alcohol on glutamate
What is blocking the glutamate binding site on the NMDA receptor, decreasing CNS activity?
Cocaine increases dopamine levels in the brain by doing these two things to the neurotransmitter.
What are stimulating dopamine release and preventing dopamine reuptake?
Ketamine is classified as this type of drug because it blocks NMDA receptor activity rather than activating it.
What is an agonist?
LSD produces its effects in the brain by acting as this type of drug on serotonin receptors.
What is a serotonin agonist?
SSRIs are most commonly used to treat these two disorders.
What are major depressive disorders and anxiety disorders?
Out of the two neurotransmitter systems primarily affected by alcohol, the mechanism of action for each corresponds to these two terms.
What is GABA agonist and glutamate antagonist?
This is the mechanism of action
What is blocking the dopamine reuptake transporter so dopamine accumulates in the synaptic cleft?
Ketamine produces its effects by binding inside this receptor’s ion channel and preventing calcium and sodium ions from entering the neuron.
What is the NMDA receptor channel?
LSD’s hallucinogenic effects are largely due to its action as a partial agonist at this specific serotonin receptor subtype.
What is the 5-HT2A receptor?
This was one of the first SSRI inhibitors to increase serotonin metabolism
What is imipramine?