a
main idea isn’t stated until the end
Periodic
opposition or contrast emphasized by parallel structure. “They promised freedom but provided slavery.” “Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.”
Antithesis
any sentence structured with equal attention and focus given to a series of words or clauses.
Parallel
“Glistens the dew upon the morning grass.”
Inverted (anastrophe)
main idea is stated in the beginning of the sentences
Loose
speed of the text, helps explain author’s purpose
Pace
the repetition of the first word of one clause at the end of the clause: “Bold was the challenge as he himself was bold.”
Epanalepsis
the importance given to an idea in a sentence.
Prominence
the repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the next clause: I lift up mine eyes unto the hills, from whence cometh my help. My help cometh from the Lord
Anadiplosis
The use of conjunctions between each word, phrase, or clause.
Polysyndeton
command with period or exclamation
imperative
length of words, omission of words or punctuation, ellipsis (...), sentence length, repetition of sounds
Narrative space
rhythm or music of a sentence
Cadence
statement with period
declarative
most important point in a sentence
Climax
commas used to separate words, no conjunctions
asyndeton
repeated word at end
epistrophe
repeated words at beginning
anaphora
makes an emotion filled statement, ends with exclamation point
exclamatory
asks a question
interrogative
a structure by which the order of the terms in the first parallel clauses is reversed in the second. “Never let a fool kiss you, or a kiss fool you.”
Chiasmus
The use of conjunctions between each word, phrase, or clause.
Polysyndeton
Commas used (with no conjunction) to separate a series of words. “And now abideth faith, hope, charity, these three; but the greatest of these is charity.”
Asyndeton
the repetition of the same word or words at the end of successive phrases or clauses. “When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child;”
Epistrophe
repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of a series of phrases, clauses, or sentences. “I hated Boy Scouts. I hated camping out. I hated dirt and tents and mosquitoes.”
Anaphora