Data Collection
Conditions for data collection under which no instruction is provided.
What is baseline?
A systematic prompting strategy that consists of two instructional phases - first, a controlling prompt is given immediately after the instructional cue, and second, a controlling prompt is given after a set amount of time has passed since the instructional cue.
What is constant time delay?
A consequence that increases the likelihood that a behavior will occur in the future.
What is a reinforcer?
Conditions, behavior, and criteria
Breaking down a chained skill into its component parts/steps
What is task analyze?
Situational, performance, and summary data.
What are components of a data collection form?
A systematic prompting strategy that includes multiple levels of prompting, beginning with an opportunity for a student to respond to the natural cue and ending with the controlling prompt.
What is system of least prompts?
A component of instruction that involves modeling/teaching a new skill or behavior as part of reinforcement (without requiring the student to respond).
What is instructional feedback?
The part of a goal/objective that tells me when it has been achieved.
What is the criterion?
An efficient and effective set of teaching strategies designed to minimize errors
What is Errorless Learning?
The summary metric (e.g., percent correct) that a teacher would calculate and graph for progress monitoring should match this.
What is the goal criteria?
A strategy to program for generalization in which the materials used as conditions are intentionally varied.
What is the use of multiple exemplars?
The antecedent to an academic behavior that tells the student what they should do.
What is the instructional cue?
Given different types of soap dispensers (e.g., pump, automatic, bar)
What are conditions?
A teaching approach that involves tailoring learning experiences to children's age, individual abilities, and cultural background
What is developmentally appropriate practice?
This practice leads to better quality IEP objectives, more instructional changes to meet student needs, and increased student performance.
What is progress monitoring?
One is faded to increase independence, the other is thinned to promote maintenance.
What is prompting and reinforcement?
An antecedent to behavior that supports the student to notice a natural/instructional cue and to perform the behavior.
What is a prompt?
Must be written in observable and measureable terms
What is the behavior?
Practices identified by the Council for Exceptional Children's Division of Early Childhood through extensive review of the research literature.
What are Recommended Practices?
The time it takes a student to perform a task from the initial cue versus how long the activity/performance lasts.
What is latency versus duration?
The approaches to sequencing teaching of a chained skill.
What is forward chaining, backward chaining, and total task instruction?
A teaching practice that meets a specific threshold for quality and quantity of research to make a reasonable assumption that it will work to teach a particular student, a specific behavior, under a particular set of conditions.
What is an evidence-based practice?
An assessment tool to identify functional and appropriate skills for an individual student.
What is an ecological inventory?
Not allowing a student to make a mistake in the first place, as an approach to teaching and learning.